Annals of International Medical and Dental Research
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR) is indexed in Index Medicus (IMSEAR), Global Index Medicus, Index Copernicus and Google Scholar
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR) is indexed in Index Medicus (IMSEAR), Global Index Medicus, Index Copernicus and Google Scholar
Bushra Iftikhar1*, Suhail Majid Jan2, Roobal Behal3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 1-10 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.1
Effect of Stress on Periodontium and Oral Health in Covid-19 Positive Patients: An Online Questionnaire-Based Survey
Bushra Iftikhar1*, Suhail Majid Jan2, Roobal Behal3
Abstract
Background: Emergence of Covid-19 pandemic resulted in stressful living conditions throughout the world leading to an alteration of habits and detrimental effects on overall health particularly oral health and hygiene of people throughout the world. The aim was to access perceived stress and its impact on periodontium and oral health in Covid-19 positive patients.Material & Methods:An online health questionnaire was submitted by Covid-19 positive patients over a period of six months with answers regarding their systemic health, perceived stress, existing habits and their alteration, oral hygiene maintenance and symptoms of oral and periodontal diseases during covid positivity.Results:Results showed that there was increase in stress levels of Covid-19 positive patients with alteration of habits and increased incidence of negative effects on oral and periodontal health.Conclusions:Although Covid-19 positive patients experienced more stress and higher incidence of oral and periodontal diseases but no direct relation could be established.
Covid -19 and Stress, Periodontium, Oral Health.
Bushra Iftikhar1*, Suhail Majid Jan2, Roobal Behal3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 11-16 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.2
Effectiveness of Different Concentrations of Chlorhexidine and Metronidazole Gels in the Management of Gingivitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Bushra Iftikhar1*, Suhail Majid Jan2, Roobal Behal3
Abstract
Background: Management of gingivitis is commonly done by the removal of etiological agents by Periodontist. However, use of topical applications of antibiotic combinations has been shown to improve the treatment outcome. Various drugs alone or in combination have been used. So this study was conducted to determine the effect of different concentrations of combination drugs on gingivitis.Material & Methods:100 patients of gingivitis were divided into two groups of 50 each – Group-A and Group-B. After scaling and root planing, Group-A patients were made to apply Metronidazole 1% and Chlorhexidine 0.25% for period of 12 weeks while as Group-B patients applied Metronidazole 1.5% and Chlorhexidine 0.50% for 12 weeks. Baseline scores of gingival index and bleeding index were recorded followed by readings at 4 and 12 weeks.Results:Results showed that there was a significant improvement in gingivitis and bleeding on probing at 4 and 12 weeks after local application of Metronidazole and Chlorhexidine gel in both the groups. However there were no statistically significant differences between two groups.Conclusions:Topical application of Metronidazole and Chlorhexidine gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing is an effective treatment modality for the management of gingivitis and the concentrations of the combination do not have any significant effect on the treatment.
Gingivitis, Chlorhexidine, Metronidazole, Topical drug application.
Assessment of Dyslipidemia in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke in Western Uttar Pradesh
DhermendraPratap Singh1, Akshay Chugh2*, Anil Kem3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 17-26 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.3
Assessment of Dyslipidemia in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke in Western Uttar Pradesh
DhermendraPratap Singh1, Akshay Chugh2*, Anil Kem3
Abstract
Background: Stroke is one of the major global health problems and the leading cause of adult disability. This study was carried out to compare serum lipid profiles in patients with ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke.Material & Methods:We conducted this study on 130 patients of 18-70-year age group with clinically and radiologically (CT Scan ) proven cerebrovascular accident. Detailed clinical evaluation was combined with biochemical and radiological evaluation.Results:76 patients were diagnosed to have ischaemic stroke while 54 had haemorrhagic stroke, showing that ischaemic stroke is more common, being 58.46% when compared to haemorrhagic stroke, which was 41.54%.The mean age for ischaemic stroke was 63.32 years while for haemorrhagic stroke was 58.87 years. Patients were evaluated according to gender and it was found that both ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke is more common among males. It was found that 30.3% of patients with ischaemic stroke were diabetic while 18.5% of haemorrhagic stroke patients had diabetes. 48.7% of ischaemic stroke patients and 81.5% of haemorrhagic stroke patients had hypertension. It was found that smoking was associated with 51.3% in patients with ischaemic stroke and 40.7% in haemorrhagic stroke. Serum total cholesterol was significantly higher in ischaemic stroke than haemorrhagic stroke group. Mean value of s. HDL cholesterol was 40.24 mg/dl in ischaemic stroke group, 44.98 mg/dl in haemorrhagic stroke group showing s. HDL cholesterol was significantly lower in ischaemic stroke group. Thus, hypercholesterolemia is significantly more associated with ischaemic strokes. Our study showed that s. triglyceride was significantly higher in ischaemic stroke than haemorrhagic stroke group. Our study also shows that s. LDL cholesterol was significantly higher in ischaemic stroke group.Conclusions:Ischaemic stroke patients had higher serum total cholesterol, higher S. LDL cholesterol and lower HDL-cholesterol levels in comparison to haemorrhagic stroke. High risk patients of stroke may be screened using serum lipid profile and further studies are suggested to evaluate the effect of lipid lowering therapy in terms of morbidity and mortality in ischaemic stroke patients.
Dyslipidemia, Risk factors, Ischemic stroke, Hemorrhagic stroke.
Saniya Ohri1, Kanwardeep Singh2, Shailpreet K. Sidhu3, Narinder Singh4*
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 27-33 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.4
Prevalence and Epidemiological Profile of COVID-19 Infection Detected Through RT-PCR AmongPatients of Various Districts of Punjab, India
Saniya Ohri1, Kanwardeep Singh2, Shailpreet K. Sidhu3, Narinder Singh4*
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a dramatic loss of human life worldwide and presents an unprecedented challenge for healthcare systems worldwide. Earlier to SARS-CoV pandemic, coronaviruses were only thought to cause mild, self-limiting upper respiratory tract infections in humans. COVID 19 presents across a spectrum of symptoms. WHO recommends detection of unique sequences of virus RNA by Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) such as real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). The aim of this cross sectional study was analysis and confirmation of Nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab specimen by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Material & Methods:This was a cross-sectional retrospective study that reviewed records of samples collected from June 2021 to March 2022. Nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab specimen were collected from suspected COVID-19 subjects of various districts of Punjab and referred to Viral Research Diagnostic Laboratory [VRDL], Government Medical College [GMC], Amritsar for laboratory analysis and confirmation by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results:During the present study, a total of 11,27,005 samples were analyzed from June 2021 to March 2022 for SARS-CoV-2 detection by ICMR approved COVID-19 RT-PCR kits. Out of total 11,27,005 cases, 24,466 cases (2.17%) were found to be SARS-CoV-2 positive while 11,02,539 cases (97.83%) were SARS-CoV-2 negative.Conclusions:Ever since the COVID-19 global pandemic emerged, the developing countries are facing challenges regarding its diagnosis. Isolation of the infected person will eventually decrease the Reproduction number i.e Ro which will further interrupt the transmission cycle leading to decrease in community spread.
RT-PCR, SARS-CoV-2, Coronavirus.
Correlation of Human height with dimensions of hand. A study in Young Population of Northern India
Jaspinder Pratap Singh1*
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 34-38 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.5
Correlation of Human height with dimensions of hand. A study in Young Population of Northern India
Jaspinder Pratap Singh1*
Abstract
Background: Anthropometry has continuously been used in forensic examinations of unknown commingled human remains. Forensic Anthropology is concerned with the building of ante mortem histories of individuals from skeletonized remains The aim and objective is to find out the bilateral and bisexual variations from the percutaneous measurement of length of hand and middle and little fingers of both hands of males to reconstruct the stature.Material & Methods:100 male undergraduate students were taken up for the study. The stature was measured by a stadiometer. The hand length and finger length were measured by the measuring scale and vernier calipers. The prediction of estimation of stature from the length of both hands, middle finger length and little finger length of both hands was determined.Results:The mean height in males is 174.3690±6.18 cm. The mean hand length in males is 19.74±0.87 cm in right hand and 19.65±0.83 cm in left hand. The mean length of right middle finger length is 8.32±0.45 cm and left middle finger length in males is 8.28±0.49 cm. The mean length of right little finger length is 6.38±0.43 cm and left little finger length in males is 6.27±0.52 cm.Conclusions:Positive and statistically significant correlation can be observed among the different variables taken up in the present study. Pearson’s correlation was used which can predict a significant relationship between the height and the length of hand and middle finger of male.
Anthropemetry, regression equation, Middle finger length, Little finger length.
Survey of the Reasons for Dental Extraction in patients of Kashmiri Population
Shahid Farooq1, Mohd Younis Bhat2, Shahid Hassan3*, Ajaz Ahamd Shah4
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 39-44 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.6
Survey of the Reasons for Dental Extraction in patients of Kashmiri Population
Shahid Farooq1, Mohd Younis Bhat2, Shahid Hassan3*, Ajaz Ahamd Shah4
Abstract
Background: Extraction of teeth is the commonest surgical procedure carried out in the dental surgery setting. The purpose of this survey was to identify the causes of teeth extraction in Kashmiri population. Material & Methods: This study was done on the patients who were referred to Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Government Dental College Srinagar for tooth extraction for the period of 6 months from February 2019 to July 2019. Total of 3000 patients were included in this study. Results: There were 1680 (56%) extractions in males and 1320 (44%) in females with male‑to‑female extraction ratio of 1.2:1. In both male and female gender, there were more teeth extractions between the ages of 11 and 30 years. The commonest tooth to be extracted was 1st molar both in upper (27.2%) and lower (30.4%) arch. The commonest reasons for teeth extraction were caries (53.4%; 1602/3000). Conclusions: The result of this study shows that dental caries is the commonest reason for tooth extraction in Kashmiri population. It is hoped that the study will facilitate the development of treatment and preventive procedures relevant to the problems, thus minimizing the loss of teeth and its expected adverse consequences.
Anthropemetry, regression equation, Middle finger length, Little finger length.
Knowledge and Practice Of Orthodontic Record Keeping – A Clinical Audit
Faisal Arshad1*, Narendranath V2, Sarala KS3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 45-56 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.7
Knowledge and Practice Of Orthodontic Record Keeping – A Clinical Audit
Faisal Arshad1*, Narendranath V2, Sarala KS3
Abstract
Background: Record keeping is an essential process and its importance cannot be ignored when it comes to Orthodontics. Even diagnosis is dependent on accurate and reliable Orthodontic records. Apart from diagnosis and treatment planning, these records are also important for medico-legal issues, publications, self -appraisals, patient education. The Basic record keeping armamentarium in Orthodontics includes: Case history, consent forms plaster models, a panoramic radiograph, Lateral cephalogram, intra and extra oral pictures. The objective of this study was be to determine the knowledge and Practice trend of Orthodontic record keeping amongst the dental practioners.Material & Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted across various dental clinics in Bangalore city. The sample selection for Dental clinics was made by the lottery method, and total of 40 clinics were selected from the list of registered dental clinics. Questionnaires were designed in such a way so as to determine the knowledge, awareness and practice trends about the Orthodontic records keeping among dental practitioners. Questionnaires were collected back by hand and analysed. The data was tabulated in excel sheet and statistical analysis was performed on the data.Results:Chi-square/ Fisher Exact test has been used to find the significance of study parameters on a categorical scale between two or more groups. Student t-test has been used to find the significance of study parameters on a continuous scale between two groups (Intergroup analysis) on metric parameters. 65% practitioners didn’t attend any CDE program on maintaining health records program whereas 35% had attended such program’s. Majority of general practitioners had knowledge and awareness about Orthodonticrecord keeping while as practice of Orthodontic record keeping was not completely as per norms.Conclusion:The present study found the good knowledge and awareness about orthodontic record keeping, but record keeping practice was found to be average due to lack of adequate infrastructure at clinics and non-usage of digital technology in most of the clinics . This study suggests that more awareness programs stressing the importance of Orthodontic record taking and workshops for incorporating digital technology related to the storage & preservation of Orthodontic record should be conducted.
Record keeping, CDE-continuous dental education Programs.
The Effect of Tranexamic Acid on Haemoglobin Level During Surgeries Around HIP
Gangadhara Reddy Kota11*
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 57-64 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.8
The Effect of Tranexamic Acid on Haemoglobin Level During Surgeries Around HIP
Gangadhara Reddy Kota11*
Abstract
Background: The aim is to assess effect of tranexamic acid on haemoglobin level during surgeries around hip.Material & Methods:This was a prospective follow up study conducted in Mahender Reddy Institute of medical sciences, Chevella over a period of two years from June 2020 to June 2022. A total number of 123 patients who underwent hip surgeries by four different surgeons were selected for this study. Proximal femoral nailing (PFN) for intertrochantric fractures by surgeon A, dynamic hip screw (DHS) for intertrochantric fractures by surgeon B, total hip replacements by surgeon C and hemiarthroplasty by surgeon D were included for this study. The patients were grouped as treatment and control group. The treatment group and control group were selected by purposive sampling. In the treatment group, the patients undergoing surgeries around hip joint received single dose of intravenous tranexamic acid 10 mg/kg body weight 10 minutes before skin incision and equal volume of saline was injected in the control group. Intra operative blood loss was calculated by galvanometric method, weighing the sponges used and soiled by blood during surgery and measuring the amount of blood collected in suction apparatus used during the surgery. The haemoglobin level assessed post operatively and compared with preoperative haemoglobin level. The amount of fluid collected in the post-operative drain were also measured. Results:In the treatment group, 11 patients out of 16 had blood loss below 300 ml, and 5 patients had blood loss more than 300 ml. In control group 5 patients out of 15 had blood loss below 300 ml. 10 patients had blood loss more than 300 ml. Among the 25 patients of hemiarthroplasty group, 11 out of 13 patients of treatment group had drain below 100 ml on the first post operative day. In control group only 2 patients out of 12 had drain less than 100 ml. In DHS group, in the treatment group, 10 out of 11 patients had preoperative and post operative haemoglobin difference less than 1mg/dl. In control group, 12 out of 12 patients had preoperative and post operative Hb difference more than 1mg/dl.Conclusions:Tranexamic acid administrated before surgical incision is efficient in reducing bleeding during common surgeries around the hip joint. Especially surgery where more amount of blood loss was expected, like total joint replacement and hemiarthroplasty, the drug had shown significant benefit compared with the control group.
Tranexamic acid, Blood loss, Haemoglobin level.
Ram Chandar1, NarinderSingh2 *, Jaspreet Singh Kouldhar3, Mandeep Bhatia4, Avneet Kaur5, M.S. Pannu6
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 65-72 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.9
Correlation of C-Reactive Protein, Low Total Leucocyte Count and Platelet Count with Blood Culture in Neonates With Sepsis
Ram Chandar1, NarinderSingh2 *, Jaspreet Singh Kouldhar3, Mandeep Bhatia4, Avneet Kaur5, M.S. Pannu6
Abstract
Background: Neonatal sepsis is characterized by systemic signs and symptoms of generalised bacterial infection in the first four weeks of life. Early recognition and diagnosis of neonatal sepsis remains a challenge because of the variable and nonspecific clinical presentation. A combination of haematological and biochemical tests may provide a more rapid diagnosis of sepsis than blood culture which takes at least 24 to 48 hours for the results. Objectives: To study the correlation of parameters of sepsis screen with blood culture in neonates with clinical sepsis and or having significant risk factors for sepsis and To study the outcome of neonatal sepsis was our secondary aim.Material & Methods:The descriptive prospective study with cross sectional design was conducted on 100 neonates admitted with signs and symptoms of sepsis in the nursery ward and NICU of paediatric department of BebeNanki Hospital, GMC, Amritsar. Sepsis screen and blood culture (gold standard for neonatal sepsis diagnosis) and other relevant investigations were sent under strict aseptic conditions and treatment was started. S.CRP levels >1mg/dl, total leukocyte count < 5000 cells/cumm, platelets count < 1.5 lakhs/ µL were taken as positive significant (P <0.005) markers for neonatal sepsis. The data was tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis.Results:Positive CRP (>1mg/dl) were found to be highly significant (p<0.0001), Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV and Diagnostic accuracy were 93.33%,16.00%,76.92%,44.44% and 74.00% respectively. TLC <5000 were found to be significant (p<0.0001), Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV and Diagnostic accuracy were 65.33%,44.00%,77.78 %,29.73% and 60.00% respectively. Platelet count < 1.5 lakhs/ µL was found to be significant (p<0.0091), Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV and Diagnostic accuracy were 68.00%, 16.00%,70.83%,14.29% and 55.00% respectively.Conclusions:In developing countries like India, where blood culture investigations are limited, altered haematological parameters such as CRP, TLC, and Platelets counts can serve as quick, simple, economical methods to diagnose neonatal sepsis. Further studies with larger sample size are required to substantiate the results.
Neonatal Sepsis,CRP, TLC and Platelet Count
Arashdeep Kaur1, Kanwardeep Singh2, Shailpreet Kaur Sidhu3, Loveena Oberoi4,Narinder Singh5*
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 73-78 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.10
Investigation of Seroprevalence of Sars-Cov-2 IgG Antibodies Among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Care Centre in District Amritsar
Arashdeep Kaur1, Kanwardeep Singh2, Shailpreet Kaur Sidhu3, Loveena Oberoi4,Narinder Singh5*
Abstract
Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection poses tremendous challenge to the healthcare system of nations across the globe.Healthcare workers (HCWs) are crucial to the ongoing response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. During the course of their work, they are exposed to hazards that place them at the risk of infection. Serological testing for SARS-CoV-2 among healthcare workers, which form a high risk group helps in identifying the burden of hidden infection in an institutional setting. The present study aims to investigate the seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among HCWs during 1stand 2ndwave.Material & Methods:A prospective study was conducted at Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Government Medical College, Amritsar during JuneJuly2020 (1stwave)and April May 2021(2nd wave). During this period, 184 blood samples were collected from healthcare workers from Government Medical College and Hospital, Amritsar. Serum was separated and used for detection of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies by ELISA technique.Results:Out of the 184 samples, 79 (42.9 %) were found to be seropositive. Higher seropositivity was seen i.e 60.8 % during the 2ndwave (April-May 2021 ) as compared to 25% during 1st wave. The increase in seroprevalence was observed in almost all categories of HCWs, Doctors 44.4% vz 13.04%, nurses 54.8 % vz 34.7 %, lab technicians 72% vz 30.4 % and housekeeping staff 72.2 % vz 21.7%. Also the unvaccinated HCWs showed higher seroprevalence during the second wave and 87.5 % of vaccinated HCWs had demonstrable IgG antibodies.Conclusions:High seropositivity was observed among healthcare workers due to their nature of work. Rise of seropositivity among unvaccinated HCWs during 2ndwave concludes that increase in seroprevalence was attributable to natural infection.The vaccine’s immunological response was also highlighted in the study.
Sars-Cov-2, IgG Antibodies, Pandemic.
Relation between Pulse Oximetry and the Clinical Profile of Children with Pneumonia
Abu Zafur Md. Azad1*, Md. Shamsuzzaman Prodhan2, Ayasha Sultana3, Md. Monowarul Islam4, Mostofa Zaman5, UmmeyWahida Sultana6
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 79-87 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.11
Relation between Pulse Oximetry and the Clinical Profile of Children with Pneumonia
Abu Zafur Md. Azad1*, Md. Shamsuzzaman Prodhan2, Ayasha Sultana3, Md. Monowarul Islam4, Mostofa Zaman5, UmmeyWahida Sultana6
Abstract
Background: Failure to seek early care and delays in hospital diagnosis are commonly acknowledged determinants of mortality in childhood pneumonia with a higher proportion specially in under developed countries like Bangladesh. Rather than detecting pneumonia by only signs, pulse oximetry may be a useful tool in ensuring the most efficient use of oxygen therapy, which is especially important in resource-limited settings. The aim of this study was to assess the relation between pulse oximetry and the clinical profile of children with pneumonia.Material & Methods:This cross-sectional type of descriptive study was conducted in Department of Pediatric, Rangpur Medical Collage and Hospital, Rangpur from July 2014 to June 2016. This study was carried out on 205 Children aged 2-59 months suffering from pneumonia inpatient and outpatient of Pediatric department.Results:It was observed that majority (91.7%) patients had cough184(89.8%) had breathing difficulty and 173(84.4%) patients had fast breathing. It was observed that majority (92.2%) patients had ability to cry while examined. Majority (90.7%) patients had crepitations. Three (1.5%) patients was found pallor of palms, 178 (86.8%) patients were heart rate ≥100 beats per minute, 196(95.6%) were capillary refill time <3 second, 4(2.0%) hepatomegaly >2 cm and 131(63.9%) had temperature ≥ 38 °C. It was observed that Hypoxemia (≤90%) was found 51(24.9%) of the patients. The mean SpO2 was found 88.6±4.7 percent with range from 70 to 99 percent.Conclusions:Cough, breathing difficulty and fast breathing are most common signs of children with pneumonia. Through pulse oximetry test, the prevalence of hypoxaemia was found in 24.9% children.
Pulse Oximetry, Clinical Profile, Children and Pneumonia.
Samir Kumar Das1*, HumayunKabir Reza2, Mohammad Shah Kamal Uddin3, S.M. Shariful Hassan4, Md. Mahmud Ullah5 ,Mohammad Golam Sagir6
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 88-97 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.12
Evaluation of Fenestration and Discectomy for Prolapsed Lumbar Intervertebral Disc by Minimally Invasive Procedure
Samir Kumar Das1*, HumayunKabir Reza2, Mohammad Shah Kamal Uddin3, S.M. Shariful Hassan4, Md. Mahmud Ullah5 ,Mohammad Golam Sagir6
Abstract
Background: Prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc is one of the most common problems encountered in medical practice. In orthopaedic practice patients having lesions of lumbosacral region causing low back pain with sciatica are not uncommon since the begdatainning of recorded history. To evaluate the fenestration and discectomy for prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc by minimally invasive procedure.Material & Methods:This prospective observational study was conducted at National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Bangladesh during July 2015 to June 2017. A total of 31 patients with prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc were included for the study. A 3cm incision was made in midline on back centering the desired space of the spine. The analysis was done according to the standard statistical analysis system. Prior to commencement of this study, the research protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of ethics of National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR).Results:Mean age was (35.98 ± 8.50) years with the range from 17 to 50 years. Out of 31 patients, 26 (83.87%) patients were male and 05(16.12%) were female. Out of 31 patients 01(03.22 %) had prolapse at the level of L3-L4, 23(74.19%) had at the level of L4-L5 and 07(22.58%) had at the level of L5-S1. In this series the most common causes of muscle weakness in EHL. Out of 31 patients, 22 (70.96 %) patients had weakness in EHL. 08 (25.80%) cases had weakness in FHL and both muscle weakness in 01 (3.22%). Out of 31 patients, 30 (96.78%) patients had preoperative sensory deficit and 03(09.67%) patients had postoperative sensory deficit, which is statistically significant. In preoperative period, moderate pain in 27(83.87%) patients, severe pain in 04(12.90%) patients. In postoperative period had no pain in 22(70.96%) patients, mild pain was noted in 08(25.08%) patients, moderate pain in 01(03.22%) patient. 20(64.51%) patients had para spinal muscle spasm in the preoperative period. Postoperative mean SLR was 81.94 ± 4.774 degree and range was 70⁰-90⁰, which was significantly improved. 29 (93.54%) patients had normal spine movement and 02 (06.45%) patients had restricted movement after 3 months of follow up. The minimum period of duration for follow up was 3 months and maximum duration of follow up was 12 months..Conclusions:By considering all aspects fenestration and discectomy is a better technique in the context of our country with the advantage of less tissue injury, good spinal function, smooth patient recovery, improve working status with early rehabilitation and maintain clinical efficacy.
Fenestration, Discectomy, Invasive, Prolapsed Lumbar Intervertebral Disc.
Md.SazzadHaider Shahin1*, Shirin Akhter2, Sheikh Masud3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 98-104 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.13
Etiology and Risk Factors of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Children under Five Years: A Cross-sectional Study in 250 Bedded General Hospital, Thakurgaon
Md.SazzadHaider Shahin1*, Shirin Akhter2, Sheikh Masud3
Abstract
Background: Although there are several potential contributing factors to iron deficiency anemia in young children, eating foods with low levels of bioavailable iron is probably the biggest one. Young children are most at risk for iron deficiency due to fast development and usually insufficient dietary iron intake. The aim of this study was to assess the etiology and risk factors of iron deficiency anemia in children under five years.Material & Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in 250 bedded general hospital, Thakurgaon, Bangladesh, during the period from December 2020 to January 2022. Total 100 children having iron deficiency anemia under five years were included in this study.Results:Among 100 children with iron deficiency anemia, more than half (51%) of the children were in the age group of less than 1 year. Majority (52%) of the children were female. Most of the children (42%) were from low income family. More than half (65%) of the children had mild anemia. Inadequate iron-based food intake was the commonest (72%) causes of the study patient. Children taking iron supplementation was 14% and mothers taking iron supplementation during pregnancy was 67%. Dietary diversity score was poor for most of the children (59%). 67% had low birth weight and 28% had overweight. Children with early (<6 months) introduction of complementary foods was more than half (68%).Conclusions:Inadequate iron-based food intake is the commonest causes of iron deficiency anemia. Children mothers taking iron supplementation during pregnancy, low dietary diversity score, low birth weight and early (<6 months) introduction of complementary foods are the main risk factors.
Etiology, Risk Factors, Iron Deficiency Anemia, and Children.
Md. Mizanur Rahman 1 *, RoksanaHaque2 ,Abi Umar – Al –Fattah 3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 105-113 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.14
Clinical Profile and Management of Hyponatremia among Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study
Md. Mizanur Rahman 1 *, RoksanaHaque2, Abi Umar – Al –Fattah 3
Abstract
Background: Hyponatremia is one of the most common laboratory dispute which may occur in many clinical conditions. Hyponatremia complication may include significant co-morbidities like heart failure, liver cirrhosis, and nephrotic syndrome in addition to diuretic use.Material & Methods:This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study, conducted at the department of Medicine in Tairunnessa Memorial Medical College. The study was conducted during the period ofJanuary 2019- April 2022. The total sample size for this study was 94.Results:Most patients 24(25.5%) were aged between 41-50 years and followed by 5(5.3%) were aged 11-20 years. Most of the respondents 65(69%) were female and 29(31%) were male. Most of the respondents 49(52.1%) were housewife. Diarrhoea was seen in 50(53.2%) cases and followed by vomiting in 27(28.7%), nausea in 15(16%), general weakness in 10(10.6%), anorexia in 41(43.6%). HTN&BA, DM, CKD in 6(6.4%), severe pre eclampsia in 3(3.2%), chronic kidney disease in 2(2.1%), COPD in 2(2.1%). Hyponatremia was found mild in 68(72.3%) cases, moderate in 24(25.5%) cases and severe in 2(2.1%) cases and followed by Hypokalaemia (K+ <3.6 mmol/l) was found in 59(62.8%), normal K+ level in 31(33%) cases and mild-moderate hyperkalaemia in 3(3.2%) cases. Hypochloridaemia (Cl– <96 mmol/l) was found in 62(66%), normal Cl– level in 29(30.9%) cases andhyperchloridaemia in 3(3.2%) cases. Tab. Nacl was prescribed to 67(71.3%) patients, normal saline to 79(84%), Hypertonic saline (3% Nacl saline) to 5(5.3%), Cholera Saline to 3(3.2%) and others suggestion along with prescribed medicine was given to 94(100%) patients.Conclusions:Hyponatremia is one of the common electrolyte abnormalities which can be seen among hospitalized patients. It is mostly seen in elderly and critically ill patients who are admitted to the ICU.
Hyponatremia, Serum Electrolytes, Na+(mmol/l).
Prophylactic Oral Iron Therapy During Pregnancy
Mahbuba Akhter1*, Rina Haider2, Sabiha Shimul3, Sabina Parveen4, Dr. Begum ShamsunNahar Shirin5
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 114-119 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.15
Prophylactic Oral Iron Therapy During Pregnancy
Mahbuba Akhter1*, Rina Haider2, Sabiha Shimul3, Sabina Parveen4, Dr. Begum ShamsunNahar Shirin5
Abstract
Background: Anemia is one of the most common medical disorder during pregnancy and one of the important cause of maternal death in the third world countries. A sufficient supply of iron is also required for the proper development of the fetus and newborn baby. During pregnancy, iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) increase the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight. Iron is essential for the development of the fetal brain and the newborn’s cognitive abilities. Pregnant women receive oral iron prophylaxis have better iron status and are less likely to develop IDA. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of prophylactic oral iron therapy in pregnant women in terms of rise of haemoglobin level.Material & Methods:The present study was conducted at the department of obstetrics and gynecology, US-Bangla Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2020 to June 2021 with a sample size of 100 pregnant women. All the participants were non-anemic at the time of inclusion, and a proper follow-up was done. All the women were supplied with 60 mg dose of elemental iron prophylactic. During follow up haemoglobin level was measured and serum ferritin levelwas measured when anemia was found. The collected data were analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS-24) for windows version 10.0.Results:During the first follow-up, 89% were found non-anemic, 9% were mildly anemic and 2% were moderately anemic. S ferritin levels of the 11 anemic participants showed that 36.30% had <15 ng/mL ferritin levels, and 63.64% had 15-150 ng/mL ferritin levels. During the second follow-up, 86% were non-anemic, 1% was severely anemic, 4% were moderately anemic and 9% were mildly anemic. S. ferritin level test showed that among the 14 anemic women, 35.72% had <15 ng/mL, 57.14% had 15-150 ng/mL, and 7.14% had >150 ng/mL serum ferritin levels. During third follow up at 34-36 weeks, 81% were non-anemic, 1% were moderately anemic, 8% had mild anemia. S. ferritin levels of 9anamic women showed that 3 women (33.33%)had <15 ng/mL and 6 women (66.67 %) had between 15-150 ng/mL.Conclusions:Pregnancy produces relatively high iron demand. Iron requirements cannot be met merely through dietary iron intake. Even prophylacyic 60 mg elemental iron giving may not be sufficient to prevent maternal anemia. Regular follow up and monitoring is essential during whole pregnancy for better management of the patients.
Anemia, Iron Supplementation, Hemoglobin.
Md. Fazlul Haque1*, Muhammad Alamgir Mandal2, Md. Ferdous Zaman3, Kh. Kawsar Ahmed4, Md. Osman Goni5, Md. Rifat Mahmud6, Md. Rafiuzzaman7
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 120-126 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.16
Surgical Outcome of Decompressive Craniectomy in Traumatic Brain Injury: A study in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh
Md. Fazlul Haque1*, Muhammad Alamgir Mandal2, Md. Ferdous Zaman3, Kh. Kawsar Ahmed4, Md. Osman Goni5, Md. Rifat Mahmud6, Md. Rafiuzzaman7
Abstract
Background: Head injury is one of the most important causes of death caused by trauma. Decompressive craniectomy is said to be the best way to reduce otherwise intractable intracranial pressure and its complications in traumatic brain injury. But we have not enough information regarding the outcomes and effectiveness of decompressive craniectomy in traumatic brain injury. The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes and effectiveness of decompressive craniectomyin in traumatic brain injury.Material & Methods:This prospective observational study was conducted in Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College and Hospital, Sirajganj and TMSS Medical College & Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh in collaboration with the Department of Neurosurgery during the period from July 2018 to December 2021. In total 32 patients with severe traumatic brain injury diagnosed and treated in the above-mentioned hospitals were recruited as the samples for this study. The outcomes of the patients evaluated by the Glasgow Coma Scale (on which scores range from 3 to 15, with lower scores indicating reduced levels of consciousness). All patient data were collected, processed, analyzed as well as disseminated by using MS Office 2019 and SPSS version 23 programs as per the necessity.Results:In analyzing the duration of hospitalization we observed, the mean (±SD) days of mechanical ventilation, days of ICU staying and days of hospitalization were 8.88 ± 2.54, 10.21 ± 3.16 and 15.57 ± 4.51 days respectively. Finally, the mean (±SD) Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale score of all the patients was found as 9.1. On the other hand, the unfavorable Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale score (1 to 4) was found in 56% patients. In this study, finally death cases were found 22%.Conclusion:Decompressive craniectomy ensures better outcome in term of survival but the limitation is quality of life issues after survival especially among poor GCS (3-6) group. Prompt hospitalization, early diagnosis and proper ICU and ventilation facilities can ensure more satisfactory outcomes for the patients with traumatic brain injury.
Pattern, Skin Diseases, Dermatology, Venereology
Study of Effectiveness of Medical Method for Induction of Labor and its Outcome
Mst. Fatema-tu-Zzahra1*, Akhtari Hossain Chowdhury2, Sultana Razia3, Shahjahan Mondal4, Zenifar Zakaria5
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 127-133 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.17
Study of Effectiveness of Medical Method for Induction of Labor and its Outcome
Mst. Fatema-tu-Zzahra1*, Akhtari Hossain Chowdhury2, Sultana Razia3, Shahjahan Mondal4, Zenifar Zakaria5
Abstract
Background: Modern obstetrics has a tremendous issue in inducing full-term labor in women with a viable fetus. When the hazards of prolonging pregnancy outweigh the advantages of birth, induction is undertaken. This study’s objective was to evaluate the efficacy of misoprostol 50µg administered sublingually, orally and vaginally in the process of inducing labor.
Material & Methods:Between June 2021 and July 2022, 120 pregnant women admitted in Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, ShaheedZiaur Rahman Medical College and Hospital, Bogura in Bangladesh were recruited randomly for a randomized control trial as per inclusion criteria. Misoprostol was administered either orally or sublingually to each patient. A maximum of three doses might be administered if necessary. A previous cesarean birth was an exclusion criterion. The number of women who had a vaginal birth during 24 hours of induction was our major metric for success. SPSS 26 was used to analyze the data.
Results:The induction to delivery intervals were considerably shorter in the sublingual group (18 hours versus 25.5 hours; mean difference was 6.2 hours; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.5 to 14.6). In the sublingual group, there was just 2% occurrence of uterine hyperstimulation. The two groups did not vary significantly in terms of delivery method, fetal distress, or newborn outcomes. A total of 80% percent and 82.60 percent of patients were satisfied with the oral and sublingual groups, respectively, and only 10% percent believed the sublingual tablets didn’t entirely dissolve.
Conclusion:Sublingual misoprostol seems to be a successful method of delivery, although further clinical studies are needed to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of the sublingual mode.
Induction of labor, Misoprostol 50µg, Vaginal delivery (VD), Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM)
Comparative Study of Outcome of Tympanoplasty between Endoscopic and Microscopic Approach
Mushfiqur Rahman1*, Kazi Atikuzzaman2, A.H.M Ferdous Nur3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 134-140 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.18
Comparative Study of Outcome of Tympanoplasty between Endoscopic and Microscopic Approach
Mushfiqur Rahman1*, Kazi Atikuzzaman2, A.H.M Ferdous Nur3
Abstract
Background: Tympanoplasty is a common operation performed by ENT specialist. It is a challenging event to treat with a microscope when the external canal is narrow or overhang. The endoscopic permeatal approach gives the advantage of wide angle view and can avoid post-auricular approach and canaloplasty. The aim of the study was to compare the outcome of tympanoplasty in post-auricular microscopic and permeatal endoscopic approach.Material &Methods:A total of 100 patients between the age group 15 to 44 years who were attending the ENT OPD, suffering from Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) were selected on the basis of perforation type and their workup was done to assess the candidature for tympanoplasty. Comparative analysis between the two groups were done based on analysis using SPSS 24 software version. The level of significance was set to 5% (P<0.05).Results:A total of 100 patients were included in the study the overall graft take was 92.3% in cases of Endoscopic permeatal technique as compared to 88.88% in the case of Microscopic postaural underlay technique, with a majority of the failures in the large central perforation group rendering a p = 0.021 for patients operated for Large perforations, p=0.036 or moderate perforations and p = 0.0476 for small perforations. There was a difference in hearing improvement with majority of the cases improving to the range of 10-21 dB in permeatal endoscopic technique compared to 07-18 dB in postauralMicroscopic technique.Conclusion:In terms of graft take rate, hearing improvement and complications, the permeatal endoscopic method outperforms the postauricular microscopic approach.
Endoscopic, tympanoplasty, microscopic approach, Type I tympanoplasty.
Oral Manifestations in Covid-19 Patients Among the Bangladeshi Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
QaziTanzin Ahmed1*, S.M. Sadequl Hasan2, Abdullah Al Mamun3, Rajib Kumar Banik4
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 141-148 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.19
Oral Manifestations in Covid-19 Patients Among the Bangladeshi Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
QaziTanzin Ahmed1*, S.M. Sadequl Hasan2, Abdullah Al Mamun3, Rajib Kumar Banik4
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is a multi-system all-pervasive disease with protean manifestations, and its major signs and symptoms, such as incessant dry cough, fever, and pneumonia, are well known. Yet, its mucocutaneous manifestations, particularly those of the oral cavity, appear to be little recognized. This may be due either to the rarity of oral manifestations of COVID-19, or poor detection of such symptoms by attending physicians who may do only a cursory examination of the oral mucosa because of the overwhelming gravity of the other major systemic presentations. Nevertheless, there are now a considerable number of reports, including systematic reviews, on oral manifestations of COVID-19 in the literature. This observational study was performed to determine the oral manifestations among COVID‐19 patients. Material & Methods:A cross‐sectional study was carried out among COVID‐19 recovered patients. 120 Covid 19 recovered patients were purposively selected as study samples. All the samples diagnosed as mild and moderate cases of COVID‐19 disease were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results:The study comprised the majority of males (68%) where females represent (32%) of the study population and the mean age was 39.3±12.4. Oral manifestations among study subjects during and after the disease illness including loss of taste being the commonest symptom (40%), followed by erythema and coated tongue (7.5%), mouth ulcerations (6.7%) and dry mouth (1.7%). The study revealed that the 41-60 age group subjects represented the highest (43%) oral manifestations.Conclusions:Early identification of oral symptoms in COVID‐19 recovered or suspected cases can help a dentist or a general physician to diagnose high‐risk groups, mitigate transmission, and promote overall health.
Oral Manifestations, Covid-19 and Cross-Sectional.
Prevalence of Hypomagnesaemia Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Hospital
Rezwana Laboni1*, Md. Salman Hossain2, Khaled Hassan3, Ashrafuzzaman SM4
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 149-158 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.20
Prevalence of Hypomagnesaemia Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Hospital
Rezwana Laboni1*, Md. Salman Hossain2, Khaled Hassan3, Ashrafuzzaman SM4
Abstract
Background: Magnesium (Mg) is one of the dominant intracellular cations. It catalyzes more than 300 intracellular reactions and has multiple functions in areas of energy production, intracellular calcium regulation, protein synthesis and degradation, and neurotransmitter release. To estimate the prevalence of hypomagnesaemia among patients with type 2 diabetes attending a tertiary care Hospital.Material & Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes (BIRDEM), which treats patients with Diabetes Mellitus from all over the country. A total of 754 patients were included and analyzed in this study. All patients with type 2 diabetes who were referred to the BIRDEM during the period from the first of July 2020 to the end of June 2021 and had their serum Mg assessed were included in the study.Results:Out of 754 patients with type 2 diabetes, 150 patients (19.89%) (95% CI, 16.8%-21.4%) were hypomagnesaemic. Female gender, hypertension, statin therapy, HbA1c between 7-7.9% or ≥ 9% and patients with diabetes duration more than five years were independent risk factors for hypomagnesaemia. No association between hypomagnesaemia and age distribution, smoking history, neuropathy and retinopathy was found. In comparison with individuals enrolled in the National Vitamin D study, diabetic patients in this study had a much higher prevalence of hypomagnesaemia (19% vs. 0.7%) with odd’s ratio of 32 (95% CI, 21-48.2).Conclusions:The present study has shown that an apparently-healthy elderly population may have a magnesium deficiency that may need to be identified and treated for optimizing clinical care. Further multicentric studies with a greater sample size should be done in this field, which will benefit the elderly population.
Prevalence, hypomagnesemia, serum magnesium.
Mohammad Mizanur Rahman1*, Md. Quddusur Rahman2, Alamgir Ahmed3, Nishat Sultana4, Md. Ali Abdullah Rafique5
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 159-165 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.21
Assessment of Qualitative and Quantitative Changes in 5 days stored Platelet Concentrates in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
Mohammad Mizanur Rahman1*, Md. Quddusur Rahman2, Alamgir Ahmed3, Nishat Sultana4, Md. Ali Abdullah Rafique5
Abstract
Background: The fast-growing demand for platelet concentrates (PC) necessitates the storage of these blood products before transfusion. Platelets are prepared as concentrates from the whole blood or by plateletpheresis. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of these PCs is an important issue in transfusion medicine. To assess the qualitative, quantitative changes and bacteriological safety of 5 days of stored platelet concentrates (PC).Material & Methods:This prospective study was conducted at the department of Clinical Pathology in collaboration with the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from April 2008 to April 2009. A total of 65 healthy donors were included in the study as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Therefore, 65 platelet concentrates (bags/units) were prepared from the donors. Purposive sampling of the units was done. pH and platelet indices (PLT, MPV, PDW and P-LCR) were measured and Gram staining of PCs was performed on days 0 and 5. Statistical significant tests were done at a 95% confidence interval using the statistical package for social science (SPSS).Results:The mean (±SD) pH was 7.18±0.07 ranging from 7.0 to 7.3 during day 0. On day 5 the mean (±SD) pH was 6.77±0.11 and their range was from 6.5 to 7. The mean pH difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between day 0 and day 5. The mean (±SD) PLT/unit was 70.56±15.56 x109/unit and it ranged from 38.01 to 110.6 x109/unit during day 0. On day 5 the mean (±SD) PLT/unit level was 68.46±15.52 x109/unit and it ranged from 36.82 to 107.2 x109/unit. The mean PLT/unit difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between day 0 and day 5. The mean (±SD) MPV was 9.34±0.92 fl and it ranged from 7.5 to 11.5 fl during day 0. During day 5 the mean (±SD) MPV was 9.27±0.99 fl ranging from 7.0 to 11.2 fl. The mean (±SD) PDW was 10.07±1.61 fl and which ranged from 7.4 to 14.4 fl during day 0. During day 5 the mean (±SD) PDW was 10.72±1.71 fl ranging from 7.0 to 15.4 fl. The mean (±SD) PLCR was 18.28±5.67 % and it ranged from 8.0 to 32.5 % during day 0. During day 5 the mean (±SD) PLCR was 21.18±5.91 % and it ranged from 10.0 to 36.3 %. The mean PLT, PDW and PLCR differences were statistically significant (p<0.05) between day 0 and day 5 in the unpaired t-test, however, the mean MPV difference was not statistically significant (p<0.05) between day 0 and day 5. Gram staining of platelet concentrates on day 0 and day 5 found no bacteria.Conclusions:Storage-induced lesions take place in PCs when stored for 5 days in second-generation storage containers under the currently recommended conditions, but how far these changes are clinically relevant needs to be investigated.
Platelet concentrates (PC), platelet indices (PLT, MPV, PDW and P-LCR), pH, Gram staining, storage-induced lesions.
Asadullahil Galib1*, Anirudha Sardar2, Md. Sakhawat Hossain3, Md. Zahirul Huq4, Md. Reaz Ahmed Howlader5, SM Akramuzzaman6
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 166-172 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.22
The pattern of Bacterial Growth in Infected Wounds Following Emergency Laparotomy with The Variation of Sensitivity to Antibiotics-A Study of 58 Cases
Asadullahil Galib1*, Anirudha Sardar2, Md. Sakhawat Hossain3, Md. Zahirul Huq4, Md. Reaz Ahmed Howlader5, SM Akramuzzaman6
Abstract
Background: An emergency laparotomy is a commonly performed operation by general surgeons where the abdomen is opened and the abdominal organs examined for any injury or disease. A few major indications for an emergency laparotomy are perforation peritonitis, acute intestinal obstruction, burst appendix and blunt or penetrating abdominal injuries either due to roadside accidents, fall from height or gun shot or stab injuries. The study aims to see the causative organism of wound infection and prevent misuse of antibiotics in infected wounds following emergency laparotomy.Material & Methods:This observational study was carried out in the Department of Surgery, Khulna Medical College, Khulna from July 2008 to June 2009. A total of 58 specimens consisting of wound swabs, pus, purulent exudates or wound discharge were collected from patients who had emergency laparotomy at Khulna Medical College.Results:Out of 58 patients with abdominal operation developed wound infection following emergency laparotomy, 14 cases were ileal perforation, 19 cases were duodenal ulcer perforation, and 9 cases were sigmoid volvulus, and F13 cases were small intestinal obstruction and 3 were blunt abdominal trauma. Among 58 postoperative abdominal wound infected cases all require antibiotics and regular dressing 60.34% require a secondary stitch 25.86% require no secondary stitch and 13.79% required wound excision with a secondary stitch.Conclusions:Postoperative complications are more common after emergency laparotomies compared to elective laparotomies. Maximum complications were found in patients with delayed presentation or in patients having any associated co-morbidities. Therefore, early detection and immediate intervention with better postoperative care can minimize postoperative complications. The present study suggests that proper awareness among rural populations, adequate health education to seek prompt medical aid, a good referral and efficient transportation can reduce the delayed presentation which in turn will prevent postoperative complications following emergency laparotomy.
Bacterial growth, Infected wound, & Laparotomy.
N. Ashikur Rahaman1*, Shravana Kumar Chinnikatti2, Korshed Alam3, Mahadi Hassan4
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 173-180 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.23
Evaluation the Pattern of BSI in Cancer Patients and Their Sensitivity and Resistance toward Antibiotic
N. Ashikur Rahaman1*, Shravana Kumar Chinnikatti2, Korshed Alam3, Mahadi Hassan4
Abstract
Background: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) account for large-scale morbidity and mortality among cancer patients requiring a rational antibiotic policy. In Bangladesh, there is a paucity of data regarding incidence and pattern of BSI in such patients. Objective:To evaluate the pattern of BSI in cancer patients and their sensitivity and resistance toward antibiotic.Material & Methods:The present study was a retrospective analysis of BSI patterns among various cancer patients treated at Department of Oncology, Enam Medical College Hospital, Saver, Bangladesh during the period from January to June 2021. Blood culture results and their sensitivity patterns of these cancer patients along with the demographic characteristics were collected from the records and maintained in the structured pro forma. Before starting empirical antibiotics, 10 ml of blood was collected into Bract/ALERT culture media.Results:A total of 82 patients/episodes had confirmed BSI. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 43 (52.4%) cases, followed by Gram positive 38 (46.4%) cases and 1 case of candida species. The most common organisms isolated were Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus consisting of 17 cases each. The Gram-negative bacterial isolates (n = 43) were sensitive to cefoperazone plus sulbactam, piperacillin plus tazobactam, carbapenem, and colitis in 18 (41.9%), 19 (44.2%), 29 (67.4%), and 40 (93%) episodes, respectively. The sensitivity of Gram-positive bacteria (n = 38) to vancomycin, linezolid, and teicoplanin was seen in 37 (97.3%), 37 (97.3%), and 35 (92.1%) episodes, respectively. Multidrug-resistant bacteria accounted for 17 (39.5%) cases of Gram-negative isolates and 9 (53%) of which were K. pneumonia. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase activity was seen in 11 of 26 episodes of Enterobacteriaceae. Four of 17 S. aureus and 3 of 11 coagulase-negative Staphylococci were methicillin resistant, and 1 of 2 cases of Enterococcus was vancomycin resistant.Conclusions:Gram-negative bacteria are the predominant cause of BSI in cancer patients and development of a high degree of resistance to commonly used antibiotics is challenging.
Antibiotic sensitivity, blood stream infections, cancer, resistance.
Khaled Hassan1*, Rezwana Laboni2, Md. Salman Hossain3, Ashrafuzzaman SM4, Mrinal Saha5, Tanmoy Saha6
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 181-189 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.24
Prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and its Correlation with Metabolic Syndrome: A Single Centre Study
Khaled Hassan1*, Rezwana Laboni2, Md. Salman Hossain3, Ashrafuzzaman SM4, Mrinal Saha5, Tanmoy Saha6
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women. Women with PCOS have androgen excess as a defining feature. They also have increased insulin resistance and obesity, which are also risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, published data regarding PCOS as independent risk factor for NAFLD remain controversial. To determine the prevalence of NAFLD and metabolic syndrome in patients with PCOS, and to verify if there is a correlation between NAFLD and metabolic syndrome in this population.Material & Methods:The prospective study was developed to determine the prevalence of NAFLD and MS in adult women with PCOS. Patients were admitted to the Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes (BIRDEM), Dhaka, Bangladesh which treats patients with Diabetes Mellitus from all over the country Bangladesh. The study sessions were conducted from January 2020 to December 2020.Results:A total 213 patients were included and analyzed into two groups. Of these, 153 were diagnosed with PCOS, and 60 had other diagnoses. In the PCOS group, 36 (23.53%) patients had NAFLD, and 117 (76.47%) patients did not have NAFLD. From the control group, only two patients had NAFLD, and NAFLD was absent in 58 (96.67%) patients. In the control group, we found 16 (26.67%) patients with metabolic syndrome (NCEP/ATP III criteria) and 44 (73.33%) patients without metabolic syndrome (NCEP/ATP III criteria). From another perspective, describes the PCOS group, there are 68(44.44%) patients with metabolic syndrome (IDF criteria) and 85 (55.56%) patients without metabolic syndrome (IDF criteria). In the control group, we found 22 (36.67%) patients with metabolic syndrome (IDF criteria) and 38 (63.33%) patients without metabolic syndrome (IDF criteria).Conclusions:The mechanism of development of NAFLD in PCOS women is not fully known. Besides the progress in the diagnosis of NAFLD in PCOS, there is a lack of knowledge about mechanisms that lead to the development of NAFLD in PCOS. Future studies which would integrate epidemiological, clinical, and molecular investigations about NAFLD in PCOS will have a key role in the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches of NAFLD in PCOS.
Polycystic ovary syndrome, Fatty liver, Metabolic syndrome X.
Depression, Anxiety and Quality of Life of Women with Breast Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy
H. N. Ashikur Rahaman1*, Shravana Kumar Chinnikatti2, Korshed Alam3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 190-198 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.25
Depression, Anxiety and Quality of Life of Women with Breast Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy
H. N. Ashikur Rahaman1*, Shravana Kumar Chinnikatti2, Korshed Alam3
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and the second cause of death after lung cancer. One in eight women will become ill during their lifetime. Deaths from breast cancer made up around 7.2% of all deaths from cancer while among women, breast cancer accounted for 16.2% of all deaths from cancer. To assess anxiety, depression in women with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy.Material & Methods:The study was conducted in the Department of Clinical Oncology, Enam Medical College & Hospital from March 2020 to April 2021. A total number of 120 women diagnosed with non-metastatic breast cancer were recruited for this cross-sectional survey. Following informed consent, patients were asked to complete demographics and clinical data questionnaire comprising with, the Dass-21 scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale- HADS. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS software system.Results:The incidence of depression and anxiety for breast cancer patients is high. Results highlight similar prevalence of depression with HADS (37.5% mild and moderate depression and 62.5% serious depression) DASS-21 (39.2% mild and moderate 60.8% serious depression) but not similar for anxiety.Conclusions:The psychological complication in breast cancer patients was remarkable. Efforts to detect and treat depression and anxiety should be a priority, since they contribute to better tolerance and effectiveness in anti-neoplasmatic therapies.
Depression, Anxiety, Quality of Life, Breast Cancer, undergoing radiotherapy.
Anima Ferdous1*, Abid Hossain Mollah2, Shiplu Kumar Das3, Umme Kulsum4, Tasnuva Khan Efa5
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 199-211 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.26
Correlation of Clinical Profile and Electroencephalographic Finding in Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Single-Center Experience from Bangladesh
Anima Ferdous1*, Abid Hossain Mollah2, Shiplu Kumar Das3, Umme Kulsum4, Tasnuva Khan Efa5
Abstract
Background: Perinatal asphyxia and resultant hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is not an uncommon phenomenon in a developing country, like Bangladesh. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is regarded as an effective prognostic tool. Correlation of clinical profiles and EEG findings of HIE patients arenot commonly observed in Bangladesh. The aim of the study was to observe the clinical profile and EEG changes in different stages of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and compare them in a tertiary care hospital.Material & Methods:This is a cross-sectional observational study conducted for a period of six months in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka. Sarnat and Sarnat score was used to classify HIE. 20 asphyxiated neonates without HIE were selected as the control group (group II) while 30asphyxiated neonates with HIE, were selected as the case group (group I) by purposive sampling. Clinical profiles, EEG findings, and immediate outcomes were observed and compared between the two groups.Results:73.3% patients were delivered at term and 30% patients were delivered at home in group I. 70% patients’ delivery were conducted by doctor in group I and 75% in group II. 63.3% patients had meconium stain in group I and 25% in group II, which was found significant. 46.7% had prolong labor in group I and 20% in group II, 40% had premature ruptured membrane (PROM) in group I and 40% in group II. Hypothermia, weak primitive reflexes, hypotonia, lethargy and seizure were significantly higher in group I. Changes in EEG correlated between the two groups and was found significant. Also, patients in group I, needed prolong hospital stay.Conclusions:The clinical profiles and EEG changes in patients with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy was concluded that there is significant association with meconium stain, seizure, hypothermia, weak primitive reflexes, lethargic, miosis, hypotonia, poor APGAR score, burst suppression & SET findings in EEG and prolonged hospital stay in prenatal asphyxia with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.
Correlation of clinical profile, Perinatal asphyxia, Electroencephalogram (EEG), Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).
Badal Kumar Saha1*, Daharul Islam2, Md. Sakhawat Hossain3, Md. Lokman Hossain Talukder4, Ujjal Gosh5, Mohammad Mahbub Ahsan6
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 212-228 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.27
Comparison of Serum Homocysteine and Highly Sensitive C- reactive protein Levels in Patients of Acute Coronary Syndrome with and without Type-2 Diabetes
Badal Kumar Saha1*, Daharul Islam2, Md. Sakhawat Hossain3, Md. Lokman Hossain Talukder4, Ujjal Gosh5, Mohammad Mahbub Ahsan6
Abstract
Background: The association of high serum homocysteine concentration and C- reactive protein as a risk factor for the acute coronary syndrome. The aim of study was to evaluate serum homocysteine and hs-CRP level in newly diagnosed ACS patients together with comparison of homocysteine and hs-CRP level in ACS patients with & without type 2 diabetes and also to find out the correlation between serum homocysteine and hs- CRP level among the ACS patient with and without type 2 DM.Material & Methods:This was a cross sectional study and total of 260 patients with new onset of ACS admitted in the CCU, Department of Cardiology, DMCH were included in the study during Jan, 2011 to Feb, 2012. Among them 72 ACS patients with type 2 diabetes was considered as group I and 188 ACS patients without diabetes was considered as group II. Serum total homocysteine level, hs-CRP level and traditional risk factors for ACS were documented from all the study population.Results:Most of the patients were found in 4th decade in both groups. Acute STEMI was more common clinical feature in both groups. The mean serum homocysteine level in all groups of ACS patients were significantly higher in patients without DM in comparison to type 2 DM. Similarly, the mean hs-CRP level in all groups of ACS patients were significantly higher in patients without type 2 DM. The mean serum homocysteine and hs-CRP level were significantly higher in nondiabetic ACS patients. However, dyslipidaemia was significantly higher in patients with type 2 DM. Hypertension, obesity and family history of ACS were not significant between two groups. There was no correlation found between serum homocysteine with serum hs-CRP in ACS patients with type 2 DM and ACS patients without DM respectively.Conclusion: So, both serum homocysteine and hs-CRP level in ACS patients were significantly higher in patients without DM. In ACS, C-reactive protein elevation was a better marker of extension of myocardial damage than homocyesteine. No correlation was found between serum homocysteine with hs-CRP level in ACS patients with and without type 2 DM respectively.
Serum homocysteine, C- reactive protein, hs-CRP level, ACS patients, Type 2 DM.
Meherun Khan Methila1*, Md. Raisul Islam2, Mahfuz Alam Khan3, Bimal Chandra Roy4
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 229-243 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.28
Evaluation of Early Post-Operative Morbidity and Mortality Following Resectional Surgery of Colorectal Cancer
Meherun Khan Methila1*, Md. Raisul Islam2, Mahfuz Alam Khan3, Bimal Chandra Roy4
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most occurring malignancies all over the world. The only curative option is surgery and post-operative morbidity and mortality should be minimized to improve outcome. Surgical resection is still the principal treatment for colorectal cancer. To evaluate early post-operative morbidity and mortality following resectional surgery of colorectal cancer.Material & Methods:This longitudinal type of descriptive study was conducted at the department of Surgery, Rangpur Medical College Hospital after ethical approval between July’ 2019 to June ‘2020. Informed written consent was obtained from the participants after explanation of the nature and purpose of the study. A total 33 patients were taken as study population. Meticulous history taking and thorough physical examination were done of all patients. Thirty day’s postoperative mortality and morbidity was evaluated on the basis of pre-existing co-morbidities and surgical procedure with attendant complications. Appropriate statistical test was performed. Data was analyzed through SPSS version 22.0.Results:More than one third (35.3%) patients belonged to age >50 years in group I and 25.0% in group II. More than half (58.8%) patients were female in group I and 5(31.2%) in group II. Diabetes mellitus were found in 41.2% patients, 47.05% patients were active smoker in group I and 6.25% in group II. Hypertension was found in 52.9% patients. More than half (52.9%) patients had stage II in group I and 68.8% in group II. By ASA, 23.5% patients had normal healthy in group I and 68.8% in group II. 47.1% patients had mild systemic disease in group I and 31.2% in group II, 27.4% patients had severe systemic disease in group I. By intra-operative time, majority (82.4%) patients had more than 2 hours in group I and 5(31.2%) in group II. More than half (52.9%) patients had intra operative blood loss in group I and 6(37.5%) in group II. 47.1% patients developed wound infection in first follow up, 23.5% in second follow-up and 29.4% in third follow-up. Majority (78.6%) patients belonged to serum albumin ≤3.5 in patients with morbidity and 33.3% in mortality.Conclusion:Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were predominant comorbidities and associated with poor surgical outcome. Active smoking had also negative impact on post-operative complications. Majority patients showed low preoperative serum albumin ≤3.5 with increased morbidity and mortality. It could be reasonably imparting an insight for convincing that hard data should supplant much of the foregoing speculation by colorectal cancer surveillance program.
Colorectal cancer, Malignancies, Morbidity, Mortality, Resectional surgery.
Towhida Naheen1*, Mizanur Rahman2, Kazi Md. Shahidur Rahman3, Nazmun Nahar4, Mohammed Iqbal5
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 244-249 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.29
Ultra Sonographic Prostate Volume Measurement of Patients Over 40 Years in Age: A Single Center Study
Towhida Naheen1*, Mizanur Rahman2, Kazi Md. Shahidur Rahman3, Nazmun Nahar4, Mohammed Iqbal5
Abstract
Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), also called prostate enlargement, is a noncancerous increase in size of the prostate gland. Symptoms may include frequent urination, trouble starting to urinate, weak stream, inability to urinate, or loss of bladder control. The objective of the study was to evaluate the prostate volume measurement for the Bangladeshi population over the age of 40 years by ultrasonography.Material & Methods:This prospective, observational study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Chattogram International Medical College (CIMC), Chattogram, Bangladesh during the period from January 2019 to December 2020. In total 157 suspected patients of benign prostatic hyperplasia were selected as the study population. All patients were clinically diagnosed for BPH, based on the present prostate symptoms and digital rectal examination. To measure the prostate volume, abdominal ultrasonography was performed for all the patients. After enucleation, another ultrasonogram was performed for all the patients to measure the existing sizes of the prostates of the patients. All the data were processed, analyzed, and disseminated by MS-word and SPSS programs as per need.Results:Finally, in this study in analyzing the volumes of the prostates of the participants according to the abdominal ultra-sonographic reports of pre-operative stage we observed, in 9%, 34%, 31%, 30%, 21% and 32% patients, the prostate sizes (In cc) were <20, 21-40, 41-60, 61-80, 81-100 and >100 cc respectively. On the other hand, after enucleation, in 11.46%, 24.20%, 28.66%, 27.39%, 7.01% and 1.27% patients, the prostate sizes (In cc) were found <20, 21-40, 41-60, 61-80, 81-100 and >100 cc respectively. The mean changes of prostate sizes between pre- and post-operative stages among the participant was not significant where the P value was found 0.464.Conclusion:The findings of this study support the applications of abdominal ultrasonographic evaluation for suspected benign prostatic hyperplasia patients to know about the exact volumes of their prostates for selecting the appropriate surgical approach.
Prostate gland, Volume, Benign prostatic hyperplasia, BPH, Ultrasonography.
Mita Bhowmik1*, Pulak Kumar Dey2, QaziShamima Akhter3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 250-258 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.30
Correlation of Serum Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) with Glycated Heamoglobin (HbAcl) in Type 2 Diabetics Mellitus Patients: A Single Center Study in Bangladesh
Mita Bhowmik1*, Pulak Kumar Dey2, QaziShamima Akhter3
Abstract
Background: Worldwide, diabetes mellitus is a major health problem leading to remarkable mortality and morbidity day by day. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) catalyzes the irreversible deamination of adenosine to inosine is a polymorphic enzyme which is considered to be related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). So, it may be useful in formulating proper guideline for evaluating the glycemic status in T2DM. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation of serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) with glycated heamoglobin (HbA1c) in type 2 diabetics mellitus patients.Material & Methods:It was a cross sectional study and conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2014 to June 2015. A total number of 150 participants of both sexes were included in this study as the study population. The samples were divided into major two groups. The control group (Group A) consisted of 50 age matched healthy subjects for comparison and the study group (Group B) consisted of 100 type 2 diabetic patients with the age ranging from 40-55 years. Again, depending on HbA1c level, the study group was divided into two subgroups. Group B1 consisted of 50 participants with HbA1c<6.5% and Group B2 consisted of 50 participants with HbA1c>6.5%. The study parameters were including serum ADA, FPG, HbA1c. For statistical analyses one-way ANOVA test, unpaired Student’s test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) test were performed as applicable using SPSS version 20.0.Results:type-2 DM as compared to healthy controls. Again, serum ADA (P<0.001) levels were significantly higher in type2DM with HbA1c ≥6.5% than that of type2 DM with HbA1c <6.5%. There is a positive correlation of serum ADA with FPG, HbA1c in type 2 diabetic patients.Conclusion:After analyzing the results of the study, it is concluded that estimation of serum ADA level might be used as a new marker for prediction of glycemic in type2 diabetes mellitus.
Correlation, Serum Adenosine Deaminase, Glycated Heamoglobin, HbAcl, Type 2 diabetics mellitus.
Sharmin Billah1*, Md. Hanif Ulubbee2, Hosne Ara Begum3, Md. Rafiqul Islam4, Mosfika Rahman5
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 259-269 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.31
Evaluation of Gemcitabine-Cisplatin Vs Gemcitabine-Oxaliplatin in The Treatment of Advanced Biliary Tract Carcinoma: A Tertiary Care Hospital Study in Bangladesh
Sharmin Billah1*, Md. Hanif Ulubbee2, Hosne Ara Begum3, Md. Rafiqul Islam4, Mosfika Rahman5
Abstract
Background: Biliary tract carcinoma is highly fatal and one of the commonest cancers in Bangladesh. Chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment as it is present in an advanced stage. Gemcitabine-Cisplatin association has been a standard of care for first-line regimens in advanced biliary tract cancer. Nevertheless, the Gemcitabine-Oxaliplatin regimen is frequently preferred. There has been no nationwide study to compare the effectiveness of these two platinum groups. Therefore, this study compared the efficacy and toxicities of Gemcitabine-Cisplatin (Gem-Cis) with Gemcitabine-Oxaliplatin (GEMOX) combination chemotherapy for the treatment of ABTC.Material & Methods:In this quasi-experimental study, a total number of eighty patients (40 patients in arm A and 40 patients in arm B), who had histopathologically or cytopathological proven ABTC with no history of previous treatment were included. The study has done between the periods of January 2019 to June 2020. The patients received Gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1 and day 8) plus Cisplatin (25 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1 and 8) every 3 weeks for 6 cycles in Arm A. In another group, Gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1) plus Oxaliplatin (100 mg/m2 i.v. on day 2) every 2 weeks for 6 cycles in Arm B was given. All the patients were followed up according to the set follow-up criteria up to 6 weeks after completion of treatment.Results:At the end of the treatment, Response rates (CR+PR+SD) were analyzed. No patient from both the arms showed Complete Response (CR). 37.5% and 45% of patients of the Arm A and Arm B groups showed Partial Response (PR) respectively. Meanwhile, 45% and 40% of patients from Arm A and B showed Stable Disease (SD) respectively. P-value was 0.410 (>0.05). Seven patients (17%) in Arm A and six patients (15%) in Arm B developed Progressive disease (PD). The most common treatment-related grade 3 toxicities were more experienced in the Arm A group. For Arm A versus Arm B that were as follows: neutropenia (15% versus 5%), anemia (15% versus 8%), thrombocytopenia (10% versus 2.5%), nausea (10% versus 5%), vomiting (5%versus 2.5%), peripheral neuropathy (0% versus 15%) and renal toxicity (7.5% versus 0%). For none of them, the p-value was <0.05 except for neutropenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, renal toxicity, and peripheral neuropathy in which the p-value was 0.042, 0.001, 0.014, 0.0001, and 0.00001 respectively. For both Arms, there were no treatment-related Grade 4 toxicities.Conclusion:The study exhibited that treatment with the Gemcitabine-Oxaliplatin regimen was well tolerated, less toxic, and convenient with similar effectiveness compared to the Gemcitabine-Cisplatin regimen in loco regional control of advanced biliary tract cancer.
Biliary tract carcinoma, Gemcitabine-Cisplatin (Gem-Cis), Gemcitabine-Oxaliplatin (GEMOX), Exhibited.
Md. Abdus Sattar1*, S.M. Sumsuzzoha2, Shaila Zaman3, Arun Kumar Das4
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 270-277 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.32
The Pattern of Skin Diseases in Patients Attending OPD of Dermatology and Venereology in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh
Md. Abdus Sattar1*, S.M. Sumsuzzoha2, Shaila Zaman3, Arun Kumar Das4
Abstract
Background: In developing countries like Bangladesh, skin diseases are very much prevalent. On the other for the difference of climate and environment, the pattern of skin diseases differs from one country to another and even crosswise diverse parts within the same country. The prevalence of skin disease in the overall population varies from 11.16 % to 63 %. Moreover, this prevalence differs in different ages of the inhabitants of the same country. Aim of the study:The aim of this study was to assess the pattern of skin diseases in patients attending the OPD of Dermatology and Venereology in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient department of Dermatology and Venereology in Kustia Medical College, Kustia, Bangladesh from January 2019 to December 2022. In total 400 skin diseases patients were included as the study population. According to the inclusion criteria of this study, patients of several age either male or female suffering from any kind of skin disease for at least one month were included as the study subjects. A predesigned questioner was used in data collection. All data were collected, processed and analyzed by using MS Office and SPSS version 23.0 programs as per need. Results:In this study, majority of the participants (55%) were with non-infective skin diseases. Besides this, 37% were with infective skin diseases and the rest 8% were with both infective as well as non-infective skin diseases. Among infective skin diseases group patients, the highest number of patients were with scabies which was found in 13.75% casas. Besides this, the frequencies of tinea infection, pyoderma, pityriasis versicolor, STD and herpes zoster were also noticeable. On the other hand, among non-infective skin diseases group patients, the highest number of patients were with eczema which was found in 15.25% patients. Besides this, the frequencies of ‘miscellaneous & mixed’ acne vulgaris, urticaria, psoriasis, nevoid disorder and alopecia were also noticeable.Conclusion: As per the findings of this current study we can conclude that, the prevalence of non-infective skin diseases is higher than that of infective skin diseases in Bangladesh. The frequencies of infective skin diseases like scabies, tinea infection, pyoderma, pityriasis versicolor, STD and herpes zoster as well as non-infective eczema, acne vulgaris, urticaria, psoriasis, nevoid disorder and alopecia claim more attention of physicians as well as health policy makers of Bangladesh.
Pattern, Skin Diseases, Dermatology, Venereology
Samah Osman1, Amel Eltayeb2*
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 278-282 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.33
Congenital Intra-Oral Adhesions: Lateral Palatal Synechia Associated with Cleft Palate: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Samah Osman1, Amel Eltayeb2*
Abstract
Background: Lateral palatal synechiae are rare congenital adhesions running from the free borders of the cleft palate to the lateral parts of the tongue or the oral cavity floor, typically found in cleft palate lateral synechiae syndrome. In this study, we present a case of a cleft palate associated with lateral synechiae (intraoral fibrous band) extending from the margin of the cleft palate to the floor of the mouth on the left side. Management of the oral synechia should aim to allow for airway stability, successful oral nutrition and oro-mandibular development. The surgical treatment started with Surgical transection of the band under general anesthesia to facilitate the palatoplasty procedure. Oral synechia may present as an isolated abnormality or as a component of the syndrome. Only a few isolated cases of oral synechia have been previously reported in the literature. In this study we discuss variations in intraoral synechiae associated with cleft palate and the etiology of lateral palatal synechiae through a literature review.
Cleft palate, palatal synechiae, congenital malformation.
Faisal Arshad1, Parveen Akhtar Lone2*, Jasbinder Kumar3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-8, Issue-5 | September-October 2022 | Page: 283-291 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2022.8.5.34
Demographic Profile of Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Extractions- An Institution Based Cross Sectional Study
Faisal Arshad1, Parveen Akhtar Lone2*, Jasbinder Kumar3
Abstract
Background: Extraction in Orthodontics has always been a topic of debate and is one of the controversies in Orthodontics. There are numerous studies available regarding the frequency of Orthodontic extraction in clinics, but very less such institution borne studies have been reported. It is important to have demographic data on the prevalence of extraction. The present study was aimed to determine the epidemiological data regarding the prevalence of extraction in Orthodontic patients with respect to various demographic features.Material & Methods:This cross sectional study was done over a period of five months prospectively. Prevalence of Orthodontic extractions was obtained with regard to Gender, Age group, Education level. Various Orthodontic extraction patterns and overall extraction frequencies in relation to malocclusions was evaluated. Chi-square test was used to determine correlations between variables, Shaperio‑Wilk W test and independent ‘t’ test was used for comparison between two groups.Results:Majority of the patients reporting for Orthodontic Extraction were females (65.1%).. Most of the patients belonged to ≤19 age group, with higher secondary education level and belonging to urban area. The most commonly extracted tooth for Orthodontic treatment was premolar and the most common extraction pattern was all first premolars which was seen in Class I malocclusion. Females underwent more Orthodontic extractions.Conclusion:The data from this study is a dental tertiary institution borne data and reveals the frequency of Orthodontic patients indicated and reporting for extraction. The epidemiologic data from this study has given a comparison of extraction rates among gender, age, education level, residence and provides an insight about the most commonly extracted tooth and extraction pattern in orthodontic patients with various malocclusions. This study revealed a more trend towards all four premolar extraction. Prevalence of Orthodontic extraction was more among females (65.1%). The mean rate of extraction was found to be 4.14 with standard deviation of 1.04.
Demographic profile, Orthodontic extractions.
