Annals of International Medical and Dental Research
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR) is indexed in Index Medicus (IMSEAR), Global Index Medicus, Index Copernicus and Google Scholar
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR) is indexed in Index Medicus (IMSEAR), Global Index Medicus, Index Copernicus and Google Scholar
Taslima Abid1, Surovi Sultana2, Nofisa Khatun3, Umme Kulsum4, Farhana Yesmin Rumpa5
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-11, Issue-1 | January-February 2025 | Page: 1-7 | https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2025.11.1.1
Comparison of side effects: “Vaginal versus oral misoprostol in the management of the first-trimester missed abortion”
Taslima Abid1, Surovi Sultana2, Nofisa Khatun3, Umme Kulsum4, Farhana Yesmin Rumpa5
Abstract
Introduction: In recent years, the use of oral or vaginal misoprostol has grown in popularity. The therapeutic potential of misoprostol as an abortifacient has clearly been demonstrated in a randomized study. Misoprostol is active and safe both by oral and vaginal routes but the latter has been found to be better in many trials. Aim of the Study: Aim of the objective is to compare the efficacy and safety of vaginal misoprostol to oral misoprostol for the treatment of first-trimester missed abortion. Methods: The study was conducted in the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department of Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital in Bogra over a period of 6 months, from May 2015 to October 2015. The participants included women diagnosed with miscarriage, based on both their medical history and physical examinations, and referred from the outpatient department for admission. The diagnosis of missed miscarriage was confirmed by sonography. Only women who met the specified inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled, leading to a total sample size of 118 participants, divided into two groups of 59 each. Results: In both groups most of the respondents were in the “20–25 years” age group; out of the 59 respondents each in groups, 33.9% of Group A and 42.4% of Group B were in the age group. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age was calculated to be, (24.60 ± 3.049) for Group A and Group B (23.98 ± 2.387). Both groups had a similar type of distribution of the length of menstrual cycle. Out of the 118 respondents, only 11 (9.3%) had a previous miscarriage. 89.8% of Group A and 91.5% of Group B had not experienced abortion before. About two-fifths of the respondents in both groups (42.4% Group A and 37.3% Group B) were primigravidae. Among 2nd gravidae Group B (18) were double in count to Group A (9). Mean ± SD was calculated for Group A (1.81 ± 1.004) and Group B (1.78 ± 1.018). About 10.9 weeks was the average period of gestation for both groups. Both Group A and Group B had similar types of distribution. More than three-fourths of group B (45 [76.3%]) had successfully achieved complete expulsion of the conceptus; while in group A less than half of that (22 [37.3%]) had complete expulsion. Incomplete expulsion accounted to be 2½ times higher in Group A and “No expulsion” was 4 times as high as Group B. Conclusion: Per vaginal administration of Misoprostol in the posterior fornix is more effective than Oral Misoprostol. The former has a faster onset of action and better efficacy. Per vaginal Misoprostol has less side effects.
Misoprostol, missed abortion, sonography
Alam Iftekhar Belyat1 , Md. Mahbubul Hoque2 , Sanjoy Kumer Dey3 , Nilufa Akhter4 , Mohammad Monir Hossain5
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-11, Issue-1 | January-February 2025 |Page: 8-14 | https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2025.11.1.2
Comparative effect of tactile kinetic stimulation versus intermittent kangaroo mother care on body weight in Pre-term low birth weight infants
Alam Iftekhar Belyat1 , Md. Mahbubul Hoque2 , Sanjoy Kumer Dey3 , Nilufa Akhter4 , Mohammad Monir Hossain5
Abstract
Background: Low birth weight (LBW) and pre-term birth remains significant contributors to neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in resource-constrained settings, such as Bangladesh. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is a well-established intervention for improving growth and clinical stability in pre-term LBW infants. Tactile Kinetic Stimulation (TKS) is a lesser-known alternative involving systematic touch and motion. This study compared the effects of TKS and intermittent KMC on growth and clinical outcomes in pre-term LBW infants.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020. Forty pre-term LBW infants (gestational age 28–33 weeks, birth weight 1200–1800 g) were randomly assigned to Group A (TKS) or Group B (KMC). Group A received 15-min TKS sessions 4 times daily, while Group B received 2-h KMC sessions 4 times daily. Key outcomes included weight, length, occipito-frontal circumference (OFC), heart rate, temperature, time to achieve full feeding, and incidence of apnea. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0.
Results: Baseline characteristics were comparable between the groups. The mean time to achieve full feeding was 5.63 ± 2.63 days in Group A and 5.50 ± 2.50 days in Group B (P = 0.48). Both groups showed progressive growth in weight, length, and OFC, with no significant differences at any time point. On the 21st day, the mean weight was 2080.94 ± 152.87 g in Group A versus 2038.57 ± 68.43 g in Group B (P = 0.21). Heart rate and temperature remained stable, with no significant differences. The incidence of apnea was low and comparable between groups (11% vs. 9%; P = 1.00).
Conclusion: Both TKS and KMC were equally effective in promoting growth and maintaining clinical stability in pre-term LBW infants. TKS offers a viable alternative to KMC, particularly in settings with barriers to traditional KMC implementation. These findings highlight the potential of integrating either intervention into neonatal care strategies in resource-limited settings.
Kangaroo mother care, low birth weight, neonatal growth, neonatal interventions, pre-term infants, resource-limited settings, tactile kinetic stimulation.
Sonia Rahman1 , Md. Hasib Uddin Khan2 , Girin Chandra Biswas3 , Tanvir Hasan Shoaib4 , Mahnaz Tabassum Prova5 , Md. Abdul Munim Sarkar6 , Kallol Dey4
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-11, Issue-1 | January-February 2025 |Page: 15-20 | https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2025.11.1.3
Post-operative morbidity in patients undergoing surgery for proximal gastric cancer: A comprehensive assessment
Sonia Rahman1 , Md. Hasib Uddin Khan2 , Girin Chandra Biswas3 , Tanvir Hasan Shoaib4 , Mahnaz Tabassum Prova5 , Md. Abdul Munim Sarkar6 , Kallol Dey4
Abstract
Introduction: Proximal gastric cancer, particularly esophagogastric junction cancer, poses a complex therapeutic challenge marked by high morbidity, mortality, and a generally bleak prognosis. This study is aimed to assess post-operative morbidity in patients undergoing surgery for proximal gastric cancer.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital Department of Surgical Oncology. Patient selection followed pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, leading to a study cohort of 50 eligible individuals. Data collection utilized a structured case record form, and the post-operative outcome was evaluated by examining complications and measuring hemoglobin and serum albumin levels. Statistical analysis employed the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS-24), incorporating the Paired Student’s t-test and Z proportion test where applicable.
Results: In this study, a notable 52% of subjects experienced no complications. Throughout the study period, complications included wound infection (14%), wound disruption (4%), anastomotic leakage (4%), pneumonia (6%), peritonitis (4%), and duodenal stump leakage (6%). In addition, anastomotic stenosis (8%) and dumping syndrome (14%) were observed.
Conclusion: Total radical gastrectomy featuring Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy for proximal gastric cancer showed good short-term outcomes with a few complications. The most common post-operative complications surgery-related were wound infections and anastomosis leakage.
Morbidity, proximal gastric cancer, total radical gastrectomy, wound infection.
Mohammed Jafar Iqbal , Mirza Md. Ziaul Islam , Atiqul Islam , Tanusree Sen
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-11, Issue-1 | January-February 2025 |Page: 21-27 | https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2025.11.1.4
Renal development and functional outcomes: A comparative study of term low birth weight and normal birth weight infants
Mohammed Jafar Iqbal , Mirza Md. Ziaul Islam , Atiqul Islam , Tanusree Sen
Abstract
Introduction: One of the biggest issues facing emerging nations is low birth weight (LBW). In our situation, the term LBW may be caused by maternal malnourishment, inadequate prenatal care, low socioeconomic position, repeated pregnancies with close spacing, and a lack of health knowledge. The proper renal development of LBW newborns resulting from intrauterine growth retardation is negatively impacted. Renal functional maturity can be predicted by examining the link between renal function and volume. The aim of this study was to compare the renal volume and functional status in the term LBW versus term normal birth weight (NBW) babies at 1 year.
Materials and Methods: This case–control study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease and Community Pediatrics at Bangladesh Shishu Hospital and Institute, Dhaka, from June 2009 to May 2010. Patients were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.100 children were recruited in this study at 1 year of age from that hospital. Among them 50 were born at term with NBW and the rest 50 were born at term with LBW. Data were collected by developing a structured questionnaire and a statistical analysis was carried out by using the Statistical Package for Social “IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version XXII (IBM V.22).
Result: It was observed that almost two-thirds (62.0%) of subjects belonged to age 12 months in the term NBW and 28 (56.0%) in the term LBW. The mean age was 11.9 ± 0.6 months in the term NBW and 12.2 ± 0.7 months in the term LBW. More than half (58.0%) of subjects were male in the term NBW and 22 (44.0%) in the term LBW. The majority (88.0%) of subjects came from urban areas in the term NBW and 37 (74.0%) in the term LBW. The mean gestational age was 39.1 ± 0.8 weeks in the term NBW and 37.7 ± 0.8 weeks in the term LBW. The mean SBP was 86.6 ± 8.0 mmHg in the term NBW and 92.4 ± 7.9 mmHg in the term LBW. The mean diastolic blood pressure was 49.2 ± 4.3 mmHg in the term NBW and 52.2 ± 4.7 mmHg in the term LBW. The mean creatinine was 0.5 ± 0.13 mg/dL in the term NBW and 0.53 ± 0.12 mg/dL in the term LBW. The mean spot urine protein creatinine ratio was 0.3 ± 0.06 in the term NBW and 0.4 ± 0.07 in the term LBW. The mean glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was 72.8 ± 19.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the term NBW and 66.4 ± 16.7 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the term LBW. The mean kidney length was 5.5 ± 0.3 in the term NBW and 5.3 ± 0.3 in the term LBW. The mean breadth was 4.3 ± 0.2 in the term NBW and 4.0 ± 0.1 in the term LBW. The mean thickness was 2.2 ± 0.2 in the term NBW and 2.0 ± 0.3 in the term LBW. The mean kidney volume was 27.4 ± 3.7 cm3 in the term NBW and 22.9 ± 3.6 cm3 in the term LBW. In the male group, the mean kidney volume was 28.1 ± 3.9 cm3 in the term NBW and 22.4 ± 2.7 cm3 in the term LBW. In the female group, the mean kidney volume was 26.5 ± 3.3 cm3 in the term NBW and 23.4 ± 4.2 cm3 in the term LBW. In the male group, the mean estimated GFR was 75.2 ± 17.9 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the term NBW and 67.1 ± 15.6 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the term LBW. In the female group, the mean estimated GFR was 69.3 ± 20.6 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the term NBW and 65.8 ± 17.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 in the term LBW.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that blood pressure and spot urine protein creatinine ratio were significantly elevated in LBW babies. Kidney length (D1), breadth (D2), and thickness (D3) were smaller in LBW babies. LBW can potentially lead to adverse effects on kidney size and function in children.
Low birth weight, normal birth weight, renal volume.
A study of bronchoscopic profile of respiratory patients in tertiary care hospital
Md Rezaul Islam1 , Md Masudur Rahman1 , Ahmad Zainuddin Sani1 , Md Jakaria Mahmud2 , Md Hosna Sadat Patwary3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-11, Issue-1 | January-February 2025 |Page: 28-34 | https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2025.11.1.5
A study of bronchoscopic profile of respiratory
patients in tertiary care hospital
Md Rezaul Islam1 , Md Masudur Rahman1 , Ahmad Zainuddin Sani1, Md Jakaria Mahmud2 , Md Hosna Sadat Patwary3
Abstract
Introduction: Bronchoscopy is the diagnostic inspection of the tracheobronchial tree. It is an alternative method to aid in the diagnosis of infection where non-invasive methods fail to cite the underlying etiology; especially in cases of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Aim of the study: The aim of the current study is to assess bronchoscopic profile of respiratory patients in tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This cross-sectional, hospital-based observational study was done in the Department of Respiratory Medicine and Internal Medicine Rajshahi Medical College Hospital to find out the bronchoscopic profile of respiratory patients. A total of 120 respondents fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria participated in the study.
Result: Majority respondents belonged to age group 51–70 years (62.5%). Mean age was 52.49 ± 12.58 years. Majority of the respondents were Male (70.8%) and whereas were Female (29.2%). Majority of respondents were poor (50%). Majority of respondent’s religion was Islam (75%). Majority of respondents were resided in rural area (62.5%). Among total respondents, 54.2% were smoker. Most common chest X-ray findings were consolidation (25%). Among respondents in 17.5%, no abnormality detected. Most common bronchoscopic findings were the right main bronchus mass (20%). Most common complications of bronchoscopy were fever (10.8%), followed by nausea/vomiting (10%) and infection, whereas 50.8% of patients had no complication due to bronchoscopy. Among the respondents, acid-fast bacilli were found in 0.8%, not found in 21.7%, and not done in 77.5%. Most common histological findings in respondents were normal (60%).
Conclusion: This study indicates that Bronchoscopy is a safe and useful tool for making the diagnosis of a variety of pulmonary diseases. Bronchial mass was the most common finding on bronchoscopy.
Bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchoscopy, respiratory.
Arthrocentesis for internal derangement – Two-needle technique
Altaf Hussain Malik1 , Kalpesh Vaishnov2, Shabnum Majeed3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-11, Issue-1 | January-February 2025 |Page: 35-39 | https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2025.11.1.6
Arthrocentesis for internal derangement – Two-needle technique
Altaf Hussain Malik1 , Kalpesh Vaishnov2, Shabnum Majeed3
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of arthrocentesis with two needles and to compare it with arthrocentesis with one needle in the treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) internal derangements.
Methods: Fifty patients aged between 16 and 60 years comprised the study material in the department. The patient’s complaints were limited mouth opening and TMJ pain. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups, in one group two-needle technique was used, and in other groups single needle was used for arthrocentesis. The procedure was performed under all aseptic conditions. Clinical evaluation of the patients was done before the procedure, at 1 week, and 6 months after the procedure. Intensity of TMJ pain and maximal mouth opening were recorded at each follow-up visit.
Results: There was a significant improvement in mouth opening and reduction in pain scores in the post-operative period with P value of (0.001); however, the addition of other needles did not improve the total outcome of the procedure.
Conclusion: The two-needle technique does not improve the results compared to single needle technique.
Arthrocentesis, double needle, internal derangement, single needle, temporomandibular joint.
Bisphosphonate induced necrosis of jaws-the emerging challenging epidemic
Altaf Hussain Malik1 , Kalpesh Vaishnov2 , Shabnum Majeed3 , Tafazul Sheikh4 , Altaf H. Shah5
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-11, Issue-1 | January-February 2025 |Page: 40-43 | https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2025.11.1.7
Bisphosphonate induced necrosis of jaws-the emerging challenging epidemic
Altaf Hussain Malik1 , Kalpesh Vaishnov2 , Shabnum Majeed3 , Tafazul Sheikh4 , Altaf H. Shah5
Abstract
Background: The bisphosphonates are widely prescribed drugs to prevent bone resorption, however, are associated with the potential risk of osteonecrosis of jaws in patients receiving dental treatment.
Methods: The study was designed to evaluate the chances of osteonecrosis in patients referred for management in whom dental treatment was carried out of negligence or lack of knowledge.
Results: Out of 74 patients studied, 16 patients had developed osteonecrosis, particularly after dental extraction, and out of 16 patients, 12 patients were having underlying malignancy.
Conclusion: Medication-induced necrosis of jaws is more in patients with underlying malignancy or other comorbidities compared to patients who are not suffering from malignancy, and dental treatment particularly extraction is a trigger in such patients for developing the debilitating condition.
Bisphosphonates, MRONJ, osteonecrosis.
