Annals of International Medical and Dental Research
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR) is indexed in Index Medicus (IMSEAR), Global Index Medicus, Index Copernicus and Google Scholar
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR) is indexed in Index Medicus (IMSEAR), Global Index Medicus, Index Copernicus and Google Scholar
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in diabetes: Challenges and advances
A. B. M. Mostafa1, Nazmuddin Al Mohsin2, Azizur Rahman1, Shah Md Rezaul Karim3, Abul Kalam Azad1
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-11, Issue-2 | March-April 2025 | Page: 1-6 | https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2025.11.2.1
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in diabetes: Challenges and advances
A. B. M. Mostafa1, Nazmuddin Al Mohsin2, Azizur Rahman1, Shah Md Rezaul Karim3, Abul Kalam Azad1
Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the gold standard for treating symptomatic gallstone disease, offering advantages such as reduced post-operative pain, shorter hospital stays, and quicker recovery. However, managing diabetic patients presents unique challenges due to their increased risk of complications. This study aimed to assess the challenges and advances of LC in diabetes. Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted to evaluate the challenges and advancements in LC among diabetic patients. A total of 100 patients were selected in several clinics of Moulvibazar, and the study took place at the Department of Surgery, in 250 Bed District General Hospital Moulvibazar, from May 2021 to June 2023. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Result: This study on LC in diabetic patients revealed that good preoperative glycemic control (HbA1c)
Comorbidities, complications, diabetes, laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Bijoy Kumar Dutta1 , Md Hafizur Rahman Chowdhury2 , Rubaiya Khan3 , Mukul Chandra Nath4 , Md Shariful Haque5 , Pulin Bihari Dhar6 , Uttara Deb7
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-11, Issue-2 | March-April 2025 | Page: 7-17 | https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2025.11.2.2
Relationship between daily caregiving hours and quality of life among caregivers of patients with mental disorders
Bijoy Kumar Dutta1 , Md Hafizur Rahman Chowdhury2 , Rubaiya Khan3 , Mukul Chandra Nath4 , Md Shariful Haque5 , Pulin Bihari Dhar6 , Uttara Deb7
Abstract
Background: Caregivers of patients with mental disorders experience significant burdens affecting their physical, psychological, social, and environmental well-being. While the relationship between caregiving burden and quality of life (QOL) is well established, the role of daily caregiving hours as a determinant of caregiver well-being remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the relationship between daily caregiving hours and QOL among caregivers of patients with mental disorders.
Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, among 50 caregivers of patients with mental disorders. Caregivers were categorized based on their daily caregiving hours, and QOL was assessed using the World Health Organization QOL Scale, Brief Version. Statistical analyses, including independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient, were performed to determine the relationship between caregiving hours and QOL scores across four domains: Physical, Psychological, Social Relationships, and Environmental.
Results: The majority of caregivers were middle-aged, married women (62% housewives) providing long-term care for young adults with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. 42% of caregivers provided full-time (18–24 h) care, leading to lower physical health and environmental QOL scores. However, no statistically significant differences were found in QOL scores across caregiving durations (P > 0.05 in all domains), indicating that factors beyond caregiving hours, such as financial stress, social support, and emotional burden, may have a greater impact on caregiver well-being.
Conclusion: Caregiving hours alone do not significantly impact caregiver QOL, emphasizing the need for comprehensive support systems addressing financial, emotional, and social burdens. Psychological distress and social isolation remain persistent challenges, regardless of caregiving duration. Holistic interventions, including mental health services, financial assistance, and structured caregiving networks, are necessary to improve caregiver well-being.
Caregiver burden, caregiver well-being, caregiving hours, mental disorders, psychological distress, quality of life, social support, World Health Organization quality of life- Brief Version.
Effects of thalidomide in transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia patients
Faria Hossain1 , Olia Sharmeen2 , Md. Fakhrul Alam3 , Md. Hasan Moshiur Shawon4 , Rowshan Rowan5
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-11, Issue-2 | March-April 2025 | Page: 18-23 | https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2025.11.2.3
Effects of thalidomide in transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia patients
Faria Hossain1 , Olia Sharmeen2 , Md. Fakhrul Alam3 , Md. Hasan Moshiur Shawon4 , Rowshan Rowan5
Abstract
Backgrounds: Beta thalassemia constitutes inherited disorders of hemoglobin (Hb) synthesis caused by decreased synthesis of β-globin chains and relative overproduction of α-globin chains, causing cell membrane damage, which plays a key role in ineffective erythropoiesis and peripheral hemolysis. Thalidomide, a fetal Hb inducer, shows significant effects in increasing Hb as well as transfusion requirements. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of thalidomide in transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia patients.
Methods: The prospective study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology in collaboration with the Department of Hematology at Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital over 1 year, from November 2022 to October 2023. A sample size of 54 with selection criteria included individuals with diagnosed cases of beta thalassemia who were transfusion-dependent. Thalidomide was given at 5 mg/kg/day to all age groups, along with aspirin at 3 mg/kg/day coverage, in addition to conventional therapy. Then, four monthly follow-ups were done for 1 year.
Result: Thalidomide leads to an increase in mean Hb levels from 7.06 ± 0.99 g/dL to 9.33 ± 1.16 g/dL (P < 0.001) after 1 year of treatment. The mean number of blood transfusions reduced from 10.98 ± 1.41/year to 10.31 ± 1.36 (P < 0.001) after 1 year of treatment.
Conclusion: The study revealed that thalidomide treatment led to a substantial increase in Hb levels as well as a notable decrease in transfusion frequency.
Beta thalassemia, blood transfusion, hemoglobin, thalidomide.
Pattern of deliberate self-poisoning cases: A study in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh
Md. Shafi Mohaimen1 , Farhana Aktari2 , Moshiur Rahman Rikabdar3 , Nasrin Akter Mili4
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-11, Issue-2 | March-April 2025 | Page: 24-28 | https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2025.11.2.4
Pattern of deliberate self-poisoning cases: A study in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh
Md. Shafi Mohaimen1 , Farhana Aktari2 , Moshiur Rahman Rikabdar3 , Nasrin Akter Mili4
Abstract
Background: Deliberate self-poisoning (DSP) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in developing countries. Common substances used for self-harm include pesticides and medications, which are readily available in these settings. Understanding the patterns and risk factors associated with DSP is crucial for effective intervention and prevention strategies. This study aimed to identify the demographic patterns, of DSP cases at a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Forensic Medicine, Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College, Bogura, Bangladesh, from January 2021 to December 2023. A total of 113 DSP cases treated during the 24-month study period were identified from the emergency department register and enrolled purposively. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Office tools.
Results: The study found that 39.8% of DSP cases were between 20 and 29 years old, with a slight majority of females (52%). Most participants were single (54%) and unemployed (30.1%). Regarding toxicology, 76.1% involved drugs, with family quarrels being the leading cause (44.2%). The majority (71.7%) had poisonings at home, with 45.1% requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Most had a Glasgow Coma Scale >8 (89.4%), and 11.5% had prior suicide attempts.
Conclusion: DSP is a major concern in Bangladesh, particularly among young adults and females. Family quarrels were the leading cause, with drug poisoning being the most common method. Most cases occurred at home, and a significant number required ICU admission.
Aluminum phosphide, death, deliberate self-poisoning, drug, suicide.
Early post-operative morbidity and complication rates in liver resection
Mohammad Mahbub Elahi1 , Shafinaz Mehzabin2 , Md Tuhin Talukder1 , Kazi Mazharul Islam1 , Mohammad Abdul Awal1 , ANM Nure Azam3 , H A Nazmul Hakim1
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-11, Issue-2 | March-April 2025 | Page: 29-34 | https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2025.11.2.5
Early post-operative morbidity and complication rates in liver resection
Mohammad Mahbub Elahi1 , Shafinaz Mehzabin2 , Md Tuhin Talukder1 , Kazi Mazharul Islam1 , Mohammad Abdul Awal1 , ANM Nure Azam3 , H A Nazmul Hakim1
Abstract
Background: Liver resection (LR) is a common surgical intervention for various hepatic conditions, including hepatocellular carcinoma, metastatic liver disease, and benign liver tumors. While this procedure can offer a potential cure for patients with localized disease, it is associated with significant early post-operative morbidity and complications that can impact patient outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the early post-operative morbidity and complication rates in patients undergoing LR.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted among the indoor patients of the Hepatobiliary unit of the surgery department in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, from January 1st, 2023 to December 29th, 2023. All patients admitted to the hepatobiliary unit of the department of surgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital were considered the study population. A total of 40 patients were selected as study subjects through a purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.0.
Result: In the early post-operative period following LR in 40 patients, the majority (40%) had blood loss of <400 mL, whereas 15% lost between 400–700 mL, and 7.5% had blood loss exceeding 700 mL. Postoperatively, 65% of patients experienced no complications, whereas 35% developed issues, including surgical site infections in 25% of cases and bile leaks or hemorrhage in 20%. Common interventions included delaying the abdominal drain in 30% of patients, extended hospital stays in 35%, and nutritional support in 25%. Fewer patients required reoperation or drain replacement (5% each).
Conclusion: Results indicated that 65% of patients experienced no complications, whereas 35% faced various morbidities, primarily surgical site infections (25%), and bile leaks (10%). Interventions focused on delaying abdominal drains (30%) and nutritional support (25%). These findings highlight the importance of careful postoperative management to reduce complications, emphasizing the need for ongoing research to optimize patient outcomes following LR.
Bile leak, liver resection, post-operative morbidity, sepsis
Taslima Abid1 , Surovi Sultana2 , Nofisa Khatun3 , Umme Kulsum4 , Farhana Yesmin Rumpa5
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-11, Issue-2 | March-April 2025 | Page: 35-42 | https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2025.11.2.6
Vaginal versus oral misoprostol in the management of first trimester missed abortion among admitted patients in a tertiary level hospital
Taslima Abid1 , Surovi Sultana2 , Nofisa Khatun3 , Umme Kulsum4 , Farhana Yesmin Rumpa5
Abstract
Background: Missed abortion is a common first-trimester pregnancy complication requiring effective medical management. Misoprostol, a prostaglandin E1 analog, is widely used through oral or vaginal administration. However, the comparative efficacy, required doses, expulsion time, and side-effect profile between these two routes remain subjects of ongoing research, particularly in low-resource settings like Bangladesh.
Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy, required doses, time to expulsion, side effects, and cervical permeability between oral and vaginal misoprostol in the management of first-trimester missed abortion.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted in a tertiary-level hospital in Bangladesh, involving 118 women diagnosed with first-trimester missed abortion. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either oral misoprostol (Group A, n = 59) or vaginal misoprostol (Group B, n = 59). Primary outcomes included complete expulsion rates, time to expulsion, number of doses required, and side effects. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s Chi-square test for categorical data and independent t-tests for continuous variables, with significance set at P < 0.05.
Results: Vaginal misoprostol demonstrated significantly higher complete expulsion rates (76.27% vs. 37.29%, P < 0.001), required fewer doses (mean: 1.69 vs. 2.41, P < 0.001), and had a shorter time to expulsion (7.69 ± 2.89 vs. 9.45 ± 1.40 h, P = 0.032) compared to oral misoprostol. Nausea and vomiting were more frequent with oral misoprostol, but other side effects were comparable. Cervical permeability among unsuccessful cases did not differ significantly between groups (P = 0.6985).
Conclusion: Vaginal misoprostol is more effective than oral administration, offering higher expulsion rates, faster expulsion, and requiring fewer doses, with a similar safety profile. These findings support vaginal misoprostol as the preferred route for the medical management of first-trimester missed abortion. Future research should explore sublingual routes, adjunctive mifepristone therapy, and patient-centered factors to further optimize treatment strategies.
Misoprostol, missed abortion, vaginal administration, oral administration, medical abortion, expulsion rate.
Md. Shyfullah1 , Sharmina Jalil2 , Md. Ekramul Haque3 , Md. Faisal Bin Selim Khan4 , Md. Ashraful Islam Irfan5 , Md. Rokib Sadi6 , Md. Sakib Irteeja7 , Ami Afroj7 , Md. Ashadur Rahaman Malik8
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-11, Issue-2 | March-April 2025 | Page: 43 -50 | https://doi.org/10.53339/aimdr.2025.11.2.7
Study of association of headache with hypertension in the patients attending at specialized clinic of a tertiary care hospital
Md. Shyfullah1 , Sharmina Jalil2 , Md. Ekramul Haque3 , Md. Faisal Bin Selim Khan4 , Md. Ashraful Islam Irfan5 , Md. Rokib Sadi6 , Md. Sakib Irteeja7 , Ami Afroj7 , Md. Ashadur Rahaman Malik8
Abstract
Background: High blood pressure, or hypertension, is above-normal blood pressure. Blood pressure fluctuates during
the day due to activity levels. Consistently elevated blood pressure can lead to a hypertension diagnosis. Research indicates a frequent link between hypertension and chronic daily headaches, including chronic migraines, although the cause remains unclear. The study examined the connection between headaches and hypertension. It involved
headache patients from the Headache Clinic at Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July to December 2013.
Methods: A total of 100 patients aged 18 years or above from both sexes, with the main complaint being headaches, were enrolled in this study. All questionnaires were checked very carefully to identify the error in collecting data. Data processing work consisted of registration of schedules, editing, coding, and computerization. Data
were presented in graph, pie chart and tabulated form and finally analyzed on computer-based software SPSS
Windows (16.0 version).
Result: Almost all of the patients were aged 20–50 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:3, while 57% of the women were housewives. Most (84%) were married. Headache duration was 4.6 ± 3.3 years on average, and
64% lasted from 1 to 6 h (avg. 5.48 ± 3.31 h). The most common were constant headaches (63%). 3% was seen in radiation on the left side, while 9% on the neck, and 2% on the entire head. Nausea, vertigo, and photophobia
were common symptoms. Precipitants were anxiety (39%), fatigue (24%), and sleep disturbance (21%). Relief measures were sleep (51%) and medication (50%). Hypertension was present in 21%, of which 14% were controlled and 7% were uncontrolled. No correlation was found between headache and hypertension duration. Fundus was
normal in 97%, and 3% had cataracts.
Conclusion: Headaches were more common in the 3rd decade and females were predominant. Stage I and Stage II hypertension were 14.0% and 7.0%, respectively. Non-migrainous was more frequent. This study data have revealed that headache and hypertension are not associated.
Chronic headaches, hypertension, migraines, nausea, photophobia, vertigo
