Annals of International Medical and Dental Research
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR) is indexed in Index Medicus (IMSEAR), Global Index Medicus, Index Copernicus and Google Scholar
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR) is indexed in Index Medicus (IMSEAR), Global Index Medicus, Index Copernicus and Google Scholar
Nameeta Kaur1*, Mohammad Mushtaq2
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 1-10 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.1
Finite Element Method Comparison of Biomechanics Between Labial and Lingual Orthodontics Involved in Canine Retraction
Nameeta Kaur1*, Mohammad Mushtaq2
Abstract
Background: FEM is a mathematical method in which the shape of complex geometric objects and their physical properties are computer-constructed. Physical interactions of the various components of the model can then be calculated in terms of stress and strain, detailed information which is difficult to obtain by any other experimental or analytical means due to the interaction of anatomical structures with the surrounding tissue.. The aim is to Comparison of biomechanical differences by FEM between labial and lingual orthodontic mechanotherapy involved in canine retraction. Material & Methods: ANSYS software was preferred over others for the analysis. As ANSYS can import computer assisted designing (CAD) data and also enables to build geometry , In the current study, we have shown the simulated individual (sequential) canine retraction using the sliding(friction method) mechanics by an elastic component. Sliding mechanics was preferred over the closing loop mechanics (frictionless method). Results: Stress in the PDL and Alveolar bone were calculated and depicted. Conclusion: On retraction, the high stress was produced with the Labial system in the PDL and alveolar bone that gradually reduced on force degradation. On combined force application slight increase in stress was noticed.
FEM, Retraction, Stress
Effect of Donning Headscarf on Dynamic Balance in Young Females
Aatika Khan1, Nahid Khan2, Sohrab A Khan3*
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 11-18 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.2
Effect of Donning Headscarf on Dynamic Balance in Young Females
Aatika Khan1, Nahid Khan2, Sohrab A Khan3*
Abstract
Background: The present study will help to determine if balance in young females is affected due to donning of headscarf and will help in planning preventive strategies. Material & Methods: Study Design- Cross sectional study design, Setting- Subjects were selected from Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi -110062. Subjects were selected for the study according to the following inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methods of Sampling- Sample of convenience. Instrumentation/Tools/Scales- Goniometer, Standardized tape measure, Weighing machine, Stadiometer and Y Test Kit. Statistical Analysis-The data was managed on an excel spreadsheet and was analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences for windows) software, Version 20. Student’s t-test was used to analyse the data and level of significance was kept at 0.05. Results: The purpose of conducting this study was to find out the effect of wearing head scarf on dynamic balance, which was conducted on females of Jamia Hamdard. This study was conducted on 98 young adult female university students. Out of which 49 subjects wore headscarf (Experimental group) for at least 1-year and rest 49 subjects did not wear a headscarf (Control group) It was observed that there was a statistically significant effect of wearing headscarf on dynamic balance in young adult females between the two groups. Conclusion: The present study was conducted to see the effect of donning a headscarf on balance in young females. A total of 98 subjects were included in the present study and divided into the control and experimental group. The results of the study indicated that the control group had better balance as compared to the experimental group by Y balance test indicating that donning of headscarf affects balance in young females. Hence null hypothesis is rejected and experimental hypothesis is accepted.
Balance, headscarf, hijab, hooded scarf garment, cervical ROM, Y Balance test.
Aatika Khan1, Zuheb Ahmed Siddiqui2, Prachi Tiwari3*, Sohrab A Khan4
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 19-22 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.3
Prevalence of Forward Head Posture and its Effect on Active Mouth Opening in Young Female Weightlifters
Aatika Khan1, Zuheb Ahmed Siddiqui2, Prachi Tiwari3*, Sohrab A Khan4
Abstract
Background: To objectively assess the prevalence of forward head posture and its effect on active mouth opening. Material & Methods: Correlational study design. Setting – Subjects were selected from various gyms and fitness centers located in South Delhi. Subjects were selected for the study according to the following inclusion and exclusion criteria. Method of Sampling- Sample of convenience. Instrumentation / Tools/ Scales/ Outcome Measure- Markers, UTHSCSA Software version 3.0, Calibrated Ruler, Digi Cam; 16 Mega Pixel with stand, Laptop, Liquid Disinfectant, Calibrated Ruler to measure active mouth opening. Craniovertebral angle was measured using UTHSCSA Image tool program. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20.0 version software. Descriptive statistics was used to compute means. The Pearson’s coefficient of correlation was used to examine the relationships between craniovertebral angle and active mouth opening. Results were considered significant at ‘p’ < 0.05. Results: The purpose of conducting this study was to find out the effect on active mouth opening in female weightlifters which was conducted on females performing weight lifting task in the gyms and fitness centers situated in South Delhi. It was observed that there was a statistically significant correlation with CV angle with active mouth opening. Conclusion: By the virtue of this study, we can conclude that our participant group of weightlifters had a below normal craniovertebral angle. The result demonstrated that there is a significant effect on active mouth opening.
Craniovertebral angle, active mouth opening, cervical ROM, neck pain, TMJ mobility, strength training, weightlifting
Comparison of the Flexural Strength of Four Core Built up Materials
Ubaid Iqbal1, Haiqa Shabir2*, Sania Iqbal3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 23-25 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.4
Comparison of the Flexural Strength of Four Core Built up Materials
Ubaid Iqbal1, Haiqa Shabir2*, Sania Iqbal3
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare the flexural strength of 4 commonly used core build up materials in clinics. Four core built up materials, a cermet cement (ketac silver), a light cure composite, conventional silver amalgam (control group) and zirconomer (zirconia reinforced GIC) were used and were divided into Group A, B and C and D respectively. The root canal of 90 extracted mandibular molars with similar anatomy and morphology were selected. Highest flexural strength was shown by Group A followed by group C, group B and then group D.
Flexural strength, core build up.
Ubaid Iqbal1, Haiqa Shabir2, Sania Iqbal3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 26-28 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.5
A Study of Post Insertion Problems in Removable Partial Dentures in Kashmiri Population – A Survey Based Research
Ubaid Iqbal1, Haiqa Shabir2, Sania Iqbal3
Abstract
The aim of this study is to collect data of various post insertion problems in removable partial dentures which were examined in the department of prosthodontics in government dental college srinagar. Around 200 patients were included in the study . The various problems that could be found in removable partial dentures include pain, discomfort, inflammatory conditions, problems in speech, loose dentures, occlusal problems, difficulty in deglutition, residual ridge resorption and altered taste perception.
post insertion problems, loss of retention and occlusal problems, dentures.
Anand Jain1*, Rajesh Kumar2, Mehak Singla3, Dibyajyoti Kalita4, R.P. Mathur5
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 29-36 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.6
A Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Effects of Oral Alkali Therapy in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease
Anand Jain1*, Rajesh Kumar2, Mehak Singla3, Dibyajyoti Kalita4, R.P. Mathur5
Abstract
Background: To analyze the effects of oral alkali therapy on renal function, nutritional status and bone density in patients of diabetic kidney disease. Material & Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 60 patients of age>18 years with diabetic kidney disease who were not on dialysis and had plasma bicarbonate levels between 16 and 20 mmol/l. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: Test group (n=30) which received oral alkali therapy as sodium bicarbonate and control group (n=30) who did not receive oral alkali therapy. The patients were followed for 12 months to compare the improvement. Results: In comparison to controls, test group showed a significant improvement in the Hb (0.7 vs. 0.25, P =0.003), significantly less decrease in eGFR (-2.25 vs. -2.9, P=0.049), non-significant less increase in creatinine (-0.26 ± 0.4 vs. -0.43 ± 0.33, P=0.09), significant improvement in bicarbonate levels (7.5 vs. 1, p<0.0001), significant restoration of albumin (0.32 vs. 0.05, P<.0001), significant fall in iPTH levels (50 vs. 25, p=0.007) and ALP levels (32 vs. 12, p=0.015). Bone density (0.28 ± 0.17 vs. 0.01 ± 0.13, P<.0001) and clinical well-being VAS scores improved significantly among the cases (9.83 ± 5.65 vs. -1.67 ± 7.11, P<.0001). Conclusion: In conclusion, oral alkali therapy slows the rate of decline of renal function and the development of end stage renal disease in patients with advanced stages of CKD. This cheap and simple strategy, which is in line with current renal consensus documents, also improves the nutritional status of patients and bone density.
Alkali, bicarbonate, bone density, CKD, diabetes.
Bisma Aijaz Tak1*, Basharat Ahmad Mir2, Suhail Majid Jan3, Roobal Behal4
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 37-43 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.7
Effect of Pre-Treatment with Ketorolac Tromethamine on Post-operative Pain Following Periodontal Surgery: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial
Bisma Aijaz Tak1*, Basharat Ahmad Mir2, Suhail Majid Jan3, Roobal Behal4
Abstract
Background: Periodontal surgeries are often followed by post-operative pain and discomfort which is a major concern to both the clinician and the patient. Every effort is being made to reduce the post-operative pain, one amongst them being the pre-operative medication with NSAIDS like ketorolac tromethamine. This type of agent acts peripherally by inhibiting the release of prostaglandins and minimizing the local inflammatory response hence it may be advantageous in reducing post-operative pain and discomfort. Thus, the efficacy of preoperative ketorolac tromethamine administration on periodontal postoperative pain was evaluated. Material & Methods: Two groups of 15 patients each were selected for the study. One group received 20 mg ketorolac immediately before periodontal flap surgery, and the other group doesn’t received any drug. Combination of Diclofenac sodium 50 mg & Paracetamol 325mg tablets was provided as “rescue analgesic. The visual analog scale modified with using numerical rating scales and Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale was used to estimate pain. Postoperative pain was assessed hourly for the first 12 h on the day of surgery, and 4 times daily on the 1st and 2nd postsurgical days. Timing and dose of rescue analgesic remedication were also recorded. Results: Results indicated that preoperative treatment with ketorolac significantly reduced initial pain intensity and delayed the onset of postoperative pain as compared to no premedication group. Incidence and amount of rescue medication consumption was small in ketorolac groups. No adverse reactions related to preoperative medication were observed. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that 20-mg ketorolac administered immediately before periodontal surgery was effective for alleviating the early postoperative painful sequelae, affected delayed pain levels and postoperative rescue analgesic consumption.
Ketorolac, Premedication, Pain Control, Periodontal Surgery.
Caregivers And End-Stage Ovarian Cancer Survivorship- A Correlation
Seema Singh1*, Ashutosh Mishra2
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 44-50 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.8
Caregivers And End-Stage Ovarian Cancer Survivorship- A Correlation
Seema Singh1*, Ashutosh Mishra2
Abstract
A support and comprehensive care for a ovarian cancer survivor is meant by providing them information pertaining to their disease , treatment and end results . Its aimed at educating them for self care and motivating attendants and training them for providing continuous, physical, emotional, financial, psychological support, Still, regular follow-ups can also help understand their concerns and address them immediately before they impact. Questionnaires have been the best way so far, to evaluate caregivers’ satisfaction levels, lack of information, and attention. With this approach, the common hindrances can be cleared before impacting the caregiver’s mental and physical health.
Comprehensive Care, Psychological, Ovarian Cancer.
Sadia Khanduker1*, Rumana Ahmed2, Al Aharama3, Naznin Jahan4, Jakia Sultana Shila5
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 51-61 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.9
Adiposity Indices as Predictors for Metabolic Syndrome Among Bangladeshi Women: A Cross Sectional Study
Sadia Khanduker1*, Rumana Ahmed2, Al Aharama3, Naznin Jahan4, Jakia Sultana Shila5
Abstract
Background: The metabolic syndrome (MS) is described by the clustering of several risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, insulin resistance, and high fasting plasma glucose. The prevalence of MS is increasing worldwide and previous studies have shown that MS and CVD are more common in women above 55 years of age in the post menopausal phase. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and adiposity indices as predictors and the related risk factors among Bangladeshi women. Material & Methods: This was a cross-sectional study and was conducted in the Outpatient departments of Bangladesh Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from May, 2022 to October, 2022. There was total 300 women (150 Premenopausal & 150 Postmenopausal) in our study. Fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure and relevant adiposity indices (BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR &VAI) were determined using standard protocols. To analyze the correlation of WC,WHR, WHtR, BMI and VAI with MS Spearmann test was used. Results: Metabolic syndrome was presented in 61.58% respondents and it was more prevalent among postmenopausal (69.09 %) as compared to premenopausal (51.25 %) women. Prevalence of high blood pressure, elevated fasting blood glucose, and high triglyceride were significantly higher in postmenopausal women than premenopausal women. However, prevalence of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower in postmenopausal women than premenopausal women. Conclusion: In our study we found a high prevalence of MS in post-menopausal women which was significantly higher than pre-menopausal women. Low HDL cholesterol, elevated fasting blood glucose, and high blood pressures were the most frequent features in comparison to the others.
Menopause, Metabolic syndrome, Adiposity indices
Nargis Akter1*, Abdul Hakim Chowdhury2, Md Humayun Kabir3, Abidur Rahman4, Sharif Shahjamal5, Nazrul Islam Khan6, Kashefa Farhen7, Farjana Afrose8
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 62-67 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.10
Obturator Nerve Block by Inguinal Approach in the Transurethral Resection of Lateral wall Bladder Tumor
Nargis Akter1*, Abdul Hakim Chowdhury2, Md Humayun Kabir3, Abidur Rahman4, Sharif Shahjamal5, Nazrul Islam Khan6, Kashefa Farhen7, Farjana Afrose8
Abstract
Background: Single spinal anesthetic has been shown to be ineffective in preventing obturator nerve activation and adductor muscle contraction, which can lead to problems such as bladder perforation during transurethral resection of lateral wall bladder tumor (TURBT) under SA. To counteract this, numerous additional approaches are still being investigated, with the inguinal approach lately gaining traction. The aim of the study was to observe the incidence of jerk/ muscle spasm after obturator nerve block by Inguinal Approach in TURBT of lateral wall urinary bladder tumor under SA. Material & Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Anesthesiology & ICU of National Institute of Kidney Diseases & Urology, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study duration was 6 months, from January 2022 to July 2022. During this period, a total of 20 cases of transurethral resection of lateral wall bladder tumor (TURBT) had been included as the study population, following inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Among the participants, 45% had been from the age group of 60-69 years, 30% had been from the age group of 50-59 years, 15% had been between the ages of 70-79, and 10% had been of 80 years or older. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity, observed in 70% of the participants. 45% had diabetes, 15% had chronic kidney disease, another 15% had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 10% had heart disease, and 15% had benign enlargement of prostate. During TURBT, majority of the patients had no jerk, while only 10% had minimal jerk and 1 patient had maximum jerk. During the 24-hour follow-up, 20% of patients regarded their outcome condition as excellent, while 60% had regraded their outcome as good. Only 1 patient regarded their outcome as poor, while follow-up data was unavailable for 15% of patients. Conclusion: The study observed very few incidence of muscle spasm or jerk during TURBT after using the inguinal approach. The study also found positive short-term outcome in most of the patients.
Obturator, Spasm, Jerk, Tumor, Cancer, Resection
Syed Israr Kamal1*, Mohammed Shakil Hossan2, Abdul Wadud3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 68-76 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.11
Epidemiology of Orthopaedic Fractures and Other Traumatic Injuries among Patients Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital: An Observational Study
Syed Israr Kamal1*, Mohammed Shakil Hossan2, Abdul Wadud3
Abstract
Background: Orthopaedic fractures and traumatic injuries are a growing concern for healthcare systems worldwide. Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) are among the top five causes of illness and mortality in South East Asian nations. Trauma caused by other factors, such as accidents at work or home, falls, and assaults, significantly contribute to overall mortality and morbidity. This study aims to investigate the occurrence of traumatic injuries with associated factors and find significant orthopaedic fracture patterns. Material & Methods: This study was a retrospective observational study that was conducted on 208 patients who were admitted to the department of orthopaedics at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital during the study period between April 2004 and June 2007 those who fulfilled the selection criteria were enrolled in this study. All data were processed and analyzed with the help of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 25. The data were expressed as frequency and percentage in tables and graphs. Results: During the study period total number of study patients were 208 where 131 (62.98%) patients were male, and 77(37.02%) were female. The majority, 53 (25.48%) of the patients, were aged between 31-40 years. RTAs were responsible for 92 cases (44.23%) of all traumatic orthopaedic injuries and followed by falls accounting for 42 patients (20.19%) of injuries. Majority 46(22.12%) of the patients had fractures in femur, second majority 38(18.27%) patients had fracture in tibia/fibula. The most common fracture site being the lower limbs (58 cases, 27.88 %). Conclusion: The study concluded that the incidence of traumatic orthopaedic injuries was higher in young male adults compared to all other study groups. The three most frequent causes of injuries were falls, RTAs, and assaults were the most prevalent form of injury. The most frequently damaged bones are the femur and tibia/fibula.
Epidemiology, Fracture, Infection, Orthopedics, Trauma, PIVD (Prolapsed Inter Vertebral Disc)
Hypothyroidism Among Diabetic Pregnancy and its Effect on Maternal and Fetal Outcome
Farzana Sharmin1*, Nargis Rahman2, Pilu Momotaz3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 77-86 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.12
Hypothyroidism Among Diabetic Pregnancy and its Effect on Maternal and Fetal Outcome
Farzana Sharmin1*, Nargis Rahman2, Pilu Momotaz3
Abstract
Background: Diabetic Pregnant women with hypothyroidism are associated with adverse obstetric outcome with various maternal and fetal complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate hypothyroidism in diabetic pregnancy and its effect on maternal and fetal outcome. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women & Children Hospital, NHN, Uttara, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period from 13th February 2020 to 9th December 2021. Total 120 pregnant women with diabetes were included in this study. All patients were divided into two groups which include- Group A: 60 pregnant women with diabetes and Group B: 60 pregnant women with diabetes and hypothyroidism. Results: Mean age was 29.3 years (SD±4.9 years) in group A and 29.9 years (SD±6.1 years) in group B. Mean TSH was 2.2 μIU/ml (SD±1.7 μIU/ml) and in group A and 4.4 μIU/ml (SD±3.0 μIU/ml) in group B. Mean TSH was higher in group B than group A with statistically significantly difference (p< 0.0001). Most of the pregnant women had lower uterine cesarean section in both group A (51.7%) and in group B (68.3%) with statistically significant difference (p=0.0409) between the groups. The commonest maternal complication was fetal distress in both group A (13.3%) and in group B (16.7%). Most of the neonates had normal weight in both group A (83.3%) and group B (78.3%). Majority of the neonates had normal Apgar score in one minute in both group A (50%) and group B (58.3%). The Apgar score in 5 minutes was also normal in most of the neonates of both group A (71.7%) and group B (78.3%). The neonatal mortality rate in group B was 1.7%. The commonest fetal complication was low birth weight in both group A (16.7%) and in group B (21.7%). There was no statistically significant (>0.05) difference among both groups in neonate’s outcome. Conclusion: Fetal distress and preeclampsia are most common complication in diabetic pregnant women with hypothyroidism. For neonates, low birth weight, hypothyroidism and respiratory distress are commonly seen. There is higher death rate of neonates in diabetic pregnant women with hypothyroidism. Majority of the pregnant women needed lower uterine cesarean section for the complications.
Hypothyroidism, Diabetic Pregnancy, Maternal and Fetal Outcome.
Effect of Malocclusion on Bully Victim School Students
Mst. Mahmuda Khatun1*, Shelina Fatema Binte Shahid2, Md.Nizam Uddin3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 87-94 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.13
Effect of Malocclusion on Bully Victim School Students
Mst. Mahmuda Khatun1*, Shelina Fatema Binte Shahid2, Md.Nizam Uddin3
Abstract
Background: Bullying or peer victimization in schools is a specific sort of aggressive behavior and can be described as a circumstance in which a student is subjected, frequently and over time, to unpleasant acts on the part of one or more classmates. The study’s objective was to evaluate Malocclusion’s effect on bully-victim school students, specifically self-esteem and oral health-related quality of life. Material & Methods: This study was a prospective cross-sectional investigation carried out at the Baridhara Scholar’s International School & College. The study was carried out between October 2021 and October 2022 which included 310 students between the ages of 10 and 14 years. Results: Most of the students, 91(29.4%), were aged 13 years. whereas 143(46.1%) were boys and 167(53.9%) were girls. The majority of the participants, 177(57.1%), were bullied, and 133(42.9%) were not bullied. Those who had experienced bullying were significantly more likely to have a Class II Division 1 incisor relationship (P value, 0.034), an increased overjet >4 mm (P value, 0.002), and an increased overbite (P value, 0.041). A negative impact on total Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) (P value, 0.001) is caused by bullied participants reporting higher degrees of oral symptoms (P value, 0.042), functional limits (P value, 0.001), emotional impact (P value, 0.001), and social impact (P value, 0.001) from their oral condition. In comparison to non-bullied participants, those who had experienced bullying reported lower levels of social competence (P-value, 0.001), athletic competence (P-value, 0.001), physical appearance-related self-esteem (P-value, 0.001), and general self-esteem (P-value, 0.001). Conclusion: According to this study, bullying in schools is the most prevalent offense children commit. Significant associations exist between the self-esteem of bullying victims, the existence of malocclusion, and their OHRQoL. Orthodontic characteristics such as a Class II Div1, Div2, class III incisor relationship, enhanced overjet, and overbite are linked to bullying.
Self-Esteem, Oral Health, Malocclusion, Bully-victim.
Professor Col (Rtd) Shormin Ara Ferdousi1*, Lt Col Mir Hasan Md. Moslem2, Lt Col Kamrun Nahar3
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 95-104 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.14
Molecular Cytogenetics and Immunophenotypic Characterization of Childhood Acute Leukaemia Patients in Tertiary Care Center of Bangladesh – An observative study
Professor Col (Rtd) Shormin Ara Ferdousi1*, Lt Col Mir Hasan Md. Moslem2, Lt Col Kamrun Nahar3
Abstract
Background: Childhood leukemia is genetically a heterogeneous disease. Various types of cytogenetic abnormalities and immunophenotypic character are present in leukaemia which are important for risk stratification, treatment and play as significant prognostic factor. Pediatric acute leukaemia presents with varying clinical, morphological, immunological and molecular characteristics. It is very highly curable if diagnosed and treated properly. For detail typing and subtyping of acute leukemia immunophenotyping and cytogenetics are crucial. The aim of this study was to find out the genetic abnormalities and immunophenotypic characterization of childhood acute leukaemia patients in Bangladesh. Material & Methods: This was a retrospective observational study and was conducted in the Department of pediatric hemato-oncology of Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka and Ahsania Mission Cancer Hospital, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from February,2014 to March, 2022. There was total 98 cases of acute leukaemia. Results: In total 98 patients completed the study. We found that 79.59% patients were ALL and 20.41% patients were AML. Among ALL 80.64% were B cell type, 6.40% were T cell Type ; 12.82 % had TEL/AML1 or ETV6/RUNX1 t(12;21)(p13;q22), 5.13% patient had TCF3/PBX1 or E2A/PBX1 t(1;19)(q23;p13). In AML30.00% patient had PML/RARAt(15;17)(q22;q21), 10.00% patient had AML1/ETO or RUNX1/CBFA2T1 t(8;21) (q22;q22), 5.00% patient had FLT3/ ITD. In case of B-ALL highest expression of antigen was CD19 (91.64%) followed by CD10 (80.58%), HLADR (67.94%), CD22 (72.68%), CD79a (72.68%), TdT (52.14%) and CD34 (48.98%). In 44.24% cases there was co-expression of CD10 and CD19 and there was 11.6% expression of myeloid marker CD13 and 1.58% expression of T cell marker CD5. In case of T-ALL there was 100% expression of CD3. Expression of other antigen CD4, CD5, CD7, CD8, CD4/8 co-expression, TdT was 60%. There was 40% expression of CD1a and CD2. There was 20% expression of CD10, CD34 and TCRab also. In case of AML highest expression was MPO (93.75%) followed by CD33 (87.50%), CD13 (81.25%), CD117 (75%), HLADR (43.75%) and CD64 (50%). There was 6.25% aberrant expression of B-ALL marker CD19 and T-ALL marker CD3, CD4, CD5, CD7 also. Conclusion: Depending on this study we can say that except few variations distribution of immunophenotypical subtypes and genetic abnormalities of childhood acute leukaemia are almost similar to other literature published from neighboring countries.This study will serve as a guideline for future study in our country in this aspect.
Childhood acute leukaemia, Molecular Cytogenetics, Immunophenotyping.
Jakaria Kabir1*, Ummay Sufia Akther2, Liaquat Ali3, Md. Abdul Alim Shaikh4, Ayesha Nasrin5, Naima Nasreen6, Md. Taihidur Rahman7
Annals of International Medical and Dental Research (AIMDR)| Vol-9, Issue-1 | January- February 2023 | Page: 105-113 | DOI: 10.53339/aimdr.2023.9.1.15
Prevalence, Risk Factors and Clinical Features of Post Dural Puncture Headache (PDPH): A Prospective Study
Jakaria Kabir1*, Ummay Sufia Akther2, Liaquat Ali3, Md. Abdul Alim Shaikh4, Ayesha Nasrin5, Naima Nasreen6, Md. Taihidur Rahman7
Abstract
Background: Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH), formerly known as post-lumbar puncture headache, is a well-known adverse event that follows diagnostic and/or therapeutic puncture of the dura, or accidentally, following spinal anesthesia.
Material & Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 152 patients at Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital in Bogura, from 2013 to 2015 and North Bengal Medical College from 2016 to 2022, Bangladesh.
Results: A total of 152 patients were enrolled into the study where 122(80.3%) were aged between 18-28 years, 30(19.7%) were 29-39 years, 38(25%) were male and 114(75%) were female. 122(80.3%) patients were non obese (<25) and 30(19.7%) were obese (>25). 17(11.2%) patients had previous history of anaesthesia and 17(11.2%) had previous history of PDPH. On majority 100 patients were used big size needle (18-23 G) and rest of the patients were used small (23-25G). 146 (96.1%) patients position was lateral and 92(60.5%) were used less than two or equal three drops. 61(40.1%) patients were needed one attempt, 64(42.1%) were needed two and 27(27.8%) were needed greater than two. The prevalence of PDPH was found in 44(28.9%) cases out of 152 where severity of 29(65.9%) percent was mild, 20(45.5%) cases headache onset were at the first day and mean duration of headache was 2.6. There was a statistically significant association between development of PDPH and younger age (26.3±8.7 years vs 32.6±7.4, p< 0.001), female gender (p=00.009), previous history of PDPH (p<0.001), number of attempts (3.1±1.2 vs 1.2±0.8, p<0.001), small needles (p=0.04), pre LP headache (p<0.001) and CSF RBS (2.6±2.1 vs 13.8±1.3, p= 0.48).
Conclusion: This study recommends that the neurologists should be treating this population in the manner so that it may help to prevent this painful adverse event, and identification of risk variables is vital in predicting PDPH.
Post Dural Puncture Headache (PDPH), Lumbar Puncture (LP), Headache, Post-dural puncture headache, Incidence, Risk factors.
